虫感染减少了君主蝶的殖民,食草,以及装饰乳草的生长
Bernadette M Mach1, William Long1, Jaret C Daniels1,2
1Entomology and Nematology Department, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 26, 2023
概括
在乳植物上的虫感染减少了君主蝶的产卵和幼虫生长. 这种虫害虫对城市君主的保护工作和宿主植物的质量产生负面影响.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
- 保护生物学 保护生物学
背景情况:
- 全球生物多样性丧失是由人为干扰驱动的,影响了诸如君主蝶 (Danaus plexippus) 等物种.
- 装饰性乳草 (Asclepias spp.) 是一个植物. 种植越来越多地用于城市景观的君主保护.
- 虫虫 (Aphis nerii) 是常见的食草动物,可能会危及保护工作.
研究的目的:
- 评估虫感染对君主蝶卵位,幼虫表现和热带乳草 (Asclepias curassavica) 特性的影响.
- 为了确定虫的存在是否会影响君主蝶在关键宿主植物上的产卵和幼虫发育.
主要方法:
- 量化了君主蝶在虫感染的热带乳草和没有虫的热带乳草上的卵位偏好.
- 评估了君主幼虫的草食,体重,以及在有虫和没有虫的乳草上生存.
- 测量植物特征,包括干叶总生物质和含量,在不同的虫感染水平下.
主要成果:
- 公主蝶在没有虫的乳草上产卵的数量是虫感染的乳草的三倍.
- 食无虫乳草的幼虫消耗更多,重量是食虫感染乳草的幼虫的两倍.
- 没有虫的乳比受虫害的植物具有更高的干叶总生物质和含量.
结论:
- 虫虫的感染通过降低宿主植物的质量和适应性,对君主蝶的保护产生负面影响.
- 这些发现强调了需要综合性害虫防治策略的必要性,这些策略与装饰性植被中的白虫保护相兼容.
- 在装饰乳上管理虫种群对于支持城市君主蝶种群至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:39Predator-Prey Interactions
16.3K
Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.
16.3K
01:21Frequency-dependent Selection
22.1K
When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
22.1K