精确的灌水和管理在玉米-小麦系统中的保护农业下提高了用水和的效率
Naveen Gupta1,2, Yadvinder Singh1, Hanuman S Jat3
1Borlaug Institute for South Asia (BISA), CIMMYT, Ladhowal, Punjab, 141004, India.
Scientific reports
|July 26, 2023
概括
地下滴灌 (SDI) 与保护农业 (CA) 结合,可提高玉米-小麦系统中的作物产量和水生产率. 这种可持续的方法提高了利用效率 (NUE) 和利能力,解决了水资源枯竭的担忧.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 农业学是一种农业学.
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 地下水的枯竭对农业食品系统的可持续性构成重大威胁.
- 优化灌和管理对于提高作物生产率和资源利用效率至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估地下滴灌 (SDI) 结合保护农业 (CA) 下的管理对玉米-小麦作物系统 (MWS) 的影响.
- 评估对作物产量,灌水生产率 (WP),使用效率 (NUE) 和经济利能力的影响.
- 解决地下水枯竭问题,并在南亚的印度河平原 (Trans-IGP) 促进可持续的农业食品系统.
主要方法:
- 这是一项为期三年的实地实验,比较了地下滴灌 (SDI) 与传统的沟/洪水灌 (CT-FI).
- 在基于农业 (CA) 的玉米-小麦 (MWS) 系统 (MWS) 中整合管理策略.
- 测量包括作物产量,灌水的节约,WP,NUE和利能力分析.
主要成果:
- 与CT-FI相比,使用100%建议的的SDI显著提高了玉米 (15.8%),小麦 (5.2%) 和MWS (11.2%) 的谷物产量.
- 在所有作物中,SDI实现了大量的灌水节约 (~55%) 和更高的平均WPi.
- 在玉米和MWS中观察到25%的肥料节约,在小麦中没有节约. 在SDI下,净收益大幅增加,特别是在补贴下.
结论:
- 补充保护农业 (CA) 与地下滴灌 (SDI) 和优化管理提供了一个有希望的战略.
- 这种综合方法最大限度地提高了玉米-小麦系统的生产率,使用效率 (NUE) 和水生产率 (WP).
- 该系统在经济上是有益的,在环境上是合理的,有助于在缺水地区的可持续农业.
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