"安慰剂组"和"安慰剂对照组"之间的差异:在迷幻微剂中进行的一项案例研究.
Balázs Szigeti1, David Nutt2, Robin Carhart-Harris3
1Centre for Psychedelic Research, Imperial College London, London, UK. balazs.szigeti07@imperial.ac.uk.
Scientific reports
|July 26, 2023
概括
医学试验中的弱失明可以导致激活期望偏差 (AEB),扭曲结果. 一个新的工具,正确猜测率曲线 (CGRC),通过考虑这种偏差来帮助估计真正的治疗效果.
科学领域:
- 临床试验方法论 临床试验方法论
- 心理药理学 心理药理学
- 计算建模计算建模
背景情况:
- 在医学试验中,盲目的目的目的是使预期效应相等,但往往失败.
- 弱失明与积极的治疗预期相结合,可以产生不均的预期效应分布.
研究的目的:
- 为了证明弱失明如何导致激活期望偏差 (AEB).
- 引入正确猜测率曲线 (CGRC) 作为一个统计工具来抵消AEB.
- 重新分析迷幻微剂试验数据以显示AEB的影响.
主要方法:
- 计算建模以模拟弱失明下的预期效应.
- 开发和应用正确猜测率曲线 (CGRC).
- 从自我盲目的迷幻微剂试验中重新分析经验数据.
主要成果:
- 激活期望偏差 (AEB) 可以膨胀治疗效果估计并产生错误的阳性结果.
- 根据不完全盲目的数据,CGRC可以估计完全盲目的试验结果.
- 迷幻微剂试验结果表明,安慰剂-微剂差异可能是AEB驱动的假阳性,表明微剂作为活性安慰剂.
结论:
- 区分与安慰剂对照试验的试验和真正的安慰剂对照试验.
- 突出了不完美盲目的研究中由于AEB导致错误阳性结果的风险.
- 建议采用一种新的与CGRC兼容的盲目完整性评估工具.
更多相关视频
10:28Assessment of Cocaine-induced Behavioral Sensitization and Conditioned Place Preference in Mice
Published on: February 18, 2016
17.1K
04:28Utilizing an Orally Dissolving Strip for Pharmacological and Toxicological Studies: A Simple and Humane Alternative to Oral Gavage for Animals
Published on: March 23, 2016
12.7K
相关概念视频
02:07Blind Procedures
10.7K
Ideally, the people who observe and record the children’s behavior are unaware of who was assigned to the experimental or control group, in order to control for experimenter bias. Experimenter bias refers to the possibility that a researcher’s expectations might skew the results of the study. Remember, conducting an experiment requires a lot of planning, and the people involved in the research project have a vested interest in supporting their hypotheses. If the observers knew which...
10.7K
01:54The Placebo Effect
6.2K
The placebo effect occurs when people's expectations or beliefs influence or determine their experience in a given situation. In other words, simply expecting something to happen can actually make it happen.
6.2K
01:22CNS Stimulants: Psychedelic Agents
184
Hallucinogens, also known as psychedelic drugs, are a class of substances known for their ability to alter perception, cognition, and emotions. Despite their profound effects on the mind, these drugs are non-addictive, setting them apart from many other abused substances. The mechanism of action of these drugs lies in their impact on the 5-HT2A receptor in the brain. Upon activation, this receptor couples to Gq-type G proteins, triggering a cascade that releases intracellular calcium. This...
184
01:27Hallucinogens and Psychedelics
210
Hallucinogens are psychoactive substances that profoundly alter perceptual experiences, generating unreal visual and sensory images. Often referred to as psychedelic drugs — a term derived from the Greek words "psyche" (mind) and "delos" (revealing) — these substances include marijuana and lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), among others. These drugs vary in intensity and effects.
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
Marijuana, derived from the dried leaves and flowers of the hemp plant, contains...
210
01:11Blinding
2.5K
Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
2.5K
01:06Altered States of Awareness
241
Altered states of consciousness represent significant deviations from one's normal mental state. These deviations can range from subtle changes in awareness to profound transformations in perception, thought processes, and sensory experiences. Altered states of consciousness can be triggered by various factors, including drug use, meditation, hypnosis, illness, or even intense fatigue.
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
The ingestion of substances like stimulants or hallucinogens leads to chemical alterations in the brain...
241