通过曝光对面表现的细化揭示了面部处理偏差的不同时间尺度
Tal Lulav-Bash1,2, Galia Avidan3, Bat-Sheva Hadad4,5
1Department of Special Education, Faculty of Education, University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khoushy Ave, 3498838, Haifa, Israel.
Psychonomic bulletin & review
|July 26, 2023
概括
经验提炼了我们处理面孔的方式,特别是同种族的面孔. 这项研究揭示了短期和长期暴露如何塑造面部表现,改善歧视和减少其他种族影响.
科学领域:
- 认知神经科学 认知神经科学
- 感知心理学 感知心理学
- 视觉认知是一种视觉认知.
背景情况:
- 经验显著提高了面部处理,特别是在经常遇到的面部,如自己的种族面部.
- 现有的模型解释了一般体验效应,但缺乏关于暴露如何细化内部面部表现的细节.
- 感知暴露塑造面部内部表征的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查短期和长期经历刺激史对面部处理的影响.
- 阐明暴露细化面部内部感知表示的机制.
- 检查感知专业知识如何影响面对歧视时利用刺激统计数据.
主要方法:
- 参与者在连续歧视任务中对连续呈现的变形面孔进行了相同的不同判断.
- 该研究通过评估面部表征中的回归到平均值来衡量使用刺激统计的情况.
- 试验对试验的性能分析检查了基于专业知识的感知偏差的动态和时间表.
主要成果:
- 面部表现显示向经验平均值回归,并保留长时间 (天) 的刺激统计数据.
- 这种回归偏差促进了歧视,并减轻了与自己种族相比,与其他种族相比观察到的典型劣势.
- 面部识别较弱的个体依赖于最近试验更新的长期统计数据,而强大的识别者对其他种族面部的长期平均值的依赖程度较低.
结论:
- 通过一种涉及利用和更新刺激统计数据的机制,暴露细化了面对表现.
- 感知专业知识与人脸表现的专业化程度有关,影响了如何使用长期和短期统计数据.
- 研究结果提供了对神经和认知机制的新见解,这些机制是成年人体验依赖的面部感知和专业化的基础.
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