分子育种用于提高大豆光热适应能力
Tingting Wu1, Sijia Lu2, Yupeng Cai1
1MARA Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology (Beijing), Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081 China.
Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement
|July 27, 2023
概括
大豆的光热适应性由多个影响开花和成熟的基因控制. 分子育种策略,包括极化模型,增强了适应各种环境的能力.
科学领域:
- 植物遗传学和育种.
- 植物生理学作物生理学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 大豆 (Glycine max) 对光周期和温度敏感,影响生长,产量和适应性.
- 光热反应受到多个基因和环境相互作用的控制.
- 了解这些遗传控制对于改善大豆种植至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 审查对大豆光热适应性的遗传和分子见解.
- 总结分子育种的进展,以提高适应性.
- 讨论开发广泛适应的大豆品种的战略.
主要方法:
- 基因分析确定光周期控制的关键位置 (E1-E11,J).
- 分子克隆和表征开花路径基因 (植物染色体A,EC,E1,FT).
- 对分子育种实践和化模型的审查.
主要成果:
- 确定了11个控制开花时间和成熟度的位置.
- 阐明了关键基因在光周期依赖的开花途径中的作用.
- 突出了分子工具用于培育适应大豆品种的潜力.
结论:
- 基因和分子理解促进了大豆的培育,以获得光热适应性.
- 化模式为开发广泛适应的大豆品种提供了一种新的战略.
- 有针对性的育种努力可以改善大豆在不同生态区域的表现.
相关概念视频
01:59Plant Breeding and Biotechnology
19.0K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.0K
02:16Light Acquisition
8.5K
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
8.5K
02:50Transgenic Plants
7.3K
Recombinant DNA technology called transgenesis is often used to add a foreign gene or remove a detrimental gene from an organism. Such genetically modified organisms are called transgenic organisms.
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
The first-ever transgenic plant was a tobacco plant developed in 1983 that showed resistance against the tobacco mosaic virus. Since then, many transgenic plants have been developed and commercialized for improving the agricultural, ornamental, and horticultural value of a crop plant. Transgenic...
7.3K
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
13.6K
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
13.6K
02:00Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
20.5K
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
20.5K