影响常见过敏原在儿童早期引入年龄的因素
Michael Marget1,2, Yamini V Virkud1,2,3, Wayne G Shreffler1,4,2
1Food Allergy Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
Frontiers in pediatrics
|July 27, 2023
概括
更新的指导方针和出生顺序影响了早期的花生引入. 观察到过敏原引入时间的种族差异,强调需要进一步调查当前的做法.
科学领域:
- 儿科过敏和免疫学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 给婴儿介绍常见的过敏原,如花生和蛋的时间是预防食物过敏的关键因素.
- 最近美国的指导方针变化旨在规范并可能推进过敏原引入的年龄.
- 了解影响这些引入时间的因素对于公共卫生倡议和临床实践至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估影响美国婴儿过敏原引入时间的因素.
- 评估国家过敏和传染病研究所 (NIAID) 更新的花生引入指南对婴儿过敏原暴露的影响.
- 根据种族和出生顺序来确定过敏原引入的潜在差异.
主要方法:
- 在马萨诸塞州郊区进行的前性观察队列研究 (胃肠道微生物组和过敏性肠道炎 - GMAP研究).
- 护理人员报告的2014年至2017年期间注册的婴儿对过敏原引入时间的数据.
- 多变量线性和生存回归分析以检查影响因素.
主要成果:
- 根据2017年NIAID指南,符合条件的婴儿在9个月时更有可能开始吃花生 (54%对42%).
- 观察到显著的种族差异:与白人儿童相比,黑人和亚洲儿童不太可能在早期被引入花生和蛋.
- 初生的孩子比后来的孩子更早地被介绍到花生.
结论:
- 更新的指导方针,种族和出生顺序显著影响了花生引入的时间.
- 对过敏原引入时间的种族差异需要进一步调查,以解决潜在的不平等问题.
- 需要进一步的研究来评估当前的过敏原引入实践,并确定减轻差异的策略.
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