在成年和老年时代共同发展生活目标和五大性格特征
Laura Buchinger1, Theresa M Entringer1, David Richter2
1German Institute for Economic Research.
Journal of personality and social psychology
|July 27, 2023
概括
个性特征和生活目标在整个成年期共同发展. 广泛的生活目标与人格发展有关,而具体的目标与年轻人的特征变化保持一致. 发育阶段和教育调节了这些联系.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 人格科学 人格科学 人格科学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
背景情况:
- 关于人格发展的研究往往侧重于特征的稳定性和变化.
- 人格的动机方面和基本特征之间的纵向关联是不太了解的.
- 生活目标代表了个性的关键动机方面.
研究的目的:
- 调查五大个性特征和九个生活目标的共同发展.
- 检查这种共同发展的潜在调节者,包括年龄,感知控制,性别,教育和社会化.
- 了解个性和生活目标如何在一生中相互影响.
主要方法:
- 使用了双变的潜增长曲线模型.
- 分析了来自德国社会经济小组研究的数据 (N = 55,040,年龄在18-103岁).
- 在13年的时间里,四次评估了五大特征和生活目标.
主要成果:
- 更广泛的生活目标领域 (例如,自我实现) 显示出更强烈的连接到整个生命周期的个性发展.
- 具体的目标 (例如,生孩子) 与年轻和中年人的特征变化更密切相关.
- 与代理目标 (个人成长) 共同开发的开放性;与共同目标的可接受性. 神经症意外地与共同的目标 (幸福的关系) 共同发展.
- 发育阶段和教育调节了良心与经济/家庭目标的共同发展.
结论:
- 个性发展和生活目标轨迹在整个成年期都相互联系.
- 人格和生活目标之间的关系会根据目标的具体性和个体的发展阶段发生变化.
- 这些发现支持了强调在成年期改变机会,约束和发展任务的理论.
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