非正规工作地位,性别和结核病诊断的交叉点:来自印度环境的定性研究的见解
Sobin George1, T S Syamala2, Aditi Paranjpe1
1Centre for the Study of Social Change and Development, Institute for Social and Economic Change, Bengaluru, India.
PloS one
|July 27, 2023
概括
非正式的工作安排显著延迟了印度低收入妇女的结核病诊断. 由于医疗保健访问而失去工资和工作的恐惧加剧了这些延迟,突出了需要包括工作场所的结核病计划的需要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 印度每年超过三分之一的结核病例仍未确诊,对女性患者的影响不成比例.
- 现有的关于女性结核病诊断延迟的研究集中在社会经济,文化和性别相关因素上.
- 性别,非正式工作和结核病诊断延迟的交叉关系,特别是来自较低社会经济背景的女性,仍未得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 检查结核病诊断延迟与印度较低社会经济背景的妇女的非正式工作安排有关.
- 确定与工作非正式性相关的特定因素,这些因素有助于在这一群体中推迟结核病诊断.
主要方法:
- 质量深入采访80名女性结核病患者 (接受直接观察治疗,短期 (DOTS) 治疗) 在印度班加罗尔的非正式安排中工作.
- 采访还包括60名患者的重要其他人.
- 参与者通过对188个DOTS中心的188名女性患者进行范围调查来确定.
主要成果:
- 除了症状正常化和污名化等已知的因素之外,工作非正式性通过症状正常化导致延迟,因为工作场所问题和与工作有关的担忧阻碍了正式寻求帮助.
- 非结核病特异性症状叙述,错误地归因于与工作相关的健康问题或并发症,混早期诊断.
- 由于医院访问,害怕失去工作和工资,甚至在对结核病症状的意识下,也阻止了及时诊断.
结论:
- 非正规部门雇用了印度大部分劳动力,在当前的结核病消除计划中没有得到充分的解决.
- 整合家庭,生活环境和工作场所的综合方法对于印度的结核病消除战略至关重要.
- 解决特定于工作场所的障碍对于改善非正式就业女性的结核病诊断和结核病结果至关重要.
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