从语言发展到语言演变:人类词汇创造力的统一观点
Thomas Brochhagen1, Gemma Boleda1,2, Eleonora Gualdoni1
1Department of Translation and Language Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 27, 2023
概括
人类的词汇创造力,在儿童语言发展和历史词汇演变中被发现,可能源于共同的语义基础. 计算模型揭示了 1400 种语言的共同知识类型,
科学领域:
- 认知科学
- 语言学
- 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 人类语言是独一无二地使用词意延伸来表达创造性.
- 词汇创造力从个体发展到语言演变的时间尺度都不同.
研究的目的:
- 调查词汇创造力的不同表现是否有共同的基础.
- 确定计算模型是否可以捕捉发展和进化语义数据之间的共同点.
主要方法:
- 使用计算建模来分析语义知识.
- 将模型应用于儿童语言发展数据和历史词语意义演变数据.
- 研究了1400多种语言的数据,
主要成果:
- 一组节的语义知识类型有效地描述了发展和进化数据.
- 在进化数据上训练的模型准确地预测了发展模式,反之亦然.
- 在发育和进化语义模型之间表现出强大的交叉预测能力.
结论:
- 表明人类词汇创造力的统一基础.
- 突出了个人语言获取和长期语言变化的共同语义原则.
- 提供了共享机制的证据,驱使意义跨越了本体生和系生.
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