在老鼠中,Scx+/Sox9+细胞在旋转裂修复过程中作为原始细胞的潜在功能
Yuko Fukuma1, Takuya Tokunaga1, Shuntaro Tanimura1
1Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications
|July 27, 2023
概括
研究人员确定了Scleraxis (Scx) 和SRY-box 9 (Sox9) 细胞,这些细胞对年轻大鼠的旋转手套肌修复至关重要. 这些在Scx-GFP大鼠中的发现为开发增强肌愈合能力的疗法提供了新的途径.
科学领域:
- 再生医学是一种再生医学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 整形外科 整形外科 整形外科
背景情况:
- 肌损伤,特别是旋转手套撕裂,表现出有限的自我修复能力和高的术后再撕裂率.
- 了解推动肌修复的细胞机制对于开发有效的治疗策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究表达Scleraxis (Scx) 和SRY-box 9 (Sox9) 的细胞在旋转手套肌至骨修复中的作用.
- 建立和使用一种新的Scx-GFP转基因大鼠模型来监测肌修复期间的Scx表达.
主要方法:
- 开发Scx-GFP转基因大鼠来追踪Scleraxis (Scx) 表达.
- 使用老鼠手术旋转器袖口撕裂修复模型.
- 定量Scx+/Sox9+细胞和评估不同年龄的老鼠 (3,6和12周) 手术后的组织再生.
主要成果:
- 在3周大的老鼠中,Scx+/Sox9+细胞最为丰富,特别是在肌骨附着部位附近.
- 在老老鼠 (6周和12周) 中观察到较少的Scx+/Sox9+细胞.
- 在年轻老鼠的修复部位上,有明显的软骨样组织形成,但在老老鼠中却没有.
结论:
- Scx+/Sox9+细胞在旋转的修复中起着重要作用,它们的数量与再生能力相关.
- 开发的Scx-GFP老鼠模型是研究旋转手套修复机制的宝贵工具.
- 这些发现为提高旋转手套愈合的向疗法铺平了道路.
相关概念视频
01:33Pleiotropy
Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
02:54Nucleosome Remodeling
Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
02:04Fixing Double-strand Breaks
The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
01:14Maintenance of the ES Cell State
The cells of the blastocyst inner cell mass only remain pluripotent for a short time. This state of pluripotency and self-renewal can be maintained in embryonic stem (ES) cell culture by adding specific chemicals or growth factors to ensure the cells can continue dividing and later differentiate into different cell types. In some cases, the cells are grown on a feeder layer of differentiated cells, which provides the growth factors and extracellular matrix components necessary for stem cell...
01:24Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for injury repair.
01:15Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue
In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...