强制性大规模食品强化计划的全球覆盖范围:系统性审查和元分析
Fabian Rohner1, James P Wirth1, Wu Zeng2
1GroundWork, Fläsch, Switzerland.
Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.)
|July 27, 2023
概括
微量营养素食品强化计划需要高的人口覆盖率以影响公共卫生. 全球数据显示,强化盐,小麦粉和植物油的覆盖面很大,但对其他主食存在重大数据缺口.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 营养 公共卫生 营养
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 全球卫生政策 全球卫生政策
背景情况:
- 微量营养素缺乏仍然是一个重大的全球健康挑战.
- 食品强化是对抗这些缺陷的关键策略.
- 成功的防御计划需要高的人口覆盖率来实现公共卫生影响.
研究的目的:
- 估计盐,小麦面粉,植物油,玉米面粉,大米和糖的强制性食品强化计划的全球覆盖范围.
- 评估家庭消费强化食品和适当强化食品的比例.
- 为了确定防御工事覆盖范围的数据缺口.
主要方法:
- 从2010年1月到2021年8月,对已发表的文献,调查数据库和关键信息人报告进行系统审查.
- 在R统计包中使用随机效应元分析模型分析数据的分析.
- 包括一些指标,比如消费食品的家庭比例,强化食品,强化食品和适当强化的食品.
主要成果:
- 家庭大量消费盐 (94.4%),增强盐 (78.4%,达到42亿人),以及适当增强盐 (48.6%).
- 大量消费小麦面粉 (77.4%) 和强化小麦面粉 (47.1%,达到6620万人).
- 植物油 (87.0%) 和强化油 (40.1%,达到1.239亿人) 的大量消费.
- 适量强化小麦面粉和植物油的数据有限,玉米面粉,大米和糖的覆盖率指标有限.
结论:
- 大多数食品的强化覆盖面存在重大数据缺口,盐是值得注意的例外.
- 具有强制性强化计划的国家必须改善数据生成和利用,以评估和优化计划.
- 加强数据收集对于充分实现食品强化在减少微量营养素缺乏方面的潜力至关重要.
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