预防和减少在所有长期护理机构中对老年人使用身体限制的干预措施
Ralph Möhler1, Tanja Richter2, Sascha Köpke3
1Institute for Health Services Research and Health Economics, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
|July 27, 2023
概括
组织干预可能会减少长期护理中的身体限制 (PR),特别是腰带. 教育干预措施对PR使用产生不确定的影响,对跌倒或动荡的影响最小.
科学领域:
- 老年学和老年医疗护理
- 医疗保健中的基于证据的实践
- 提高患者安全和质量.
背景情况:
- 物理限制 (PR) 在长期护理中被广泛使用,尽管有证据表明它是无效和有害的.
- 这一系统性审查更新了以前关于预防/减少医院以外PR使用的干预措施的发现.
- 关注的重点是老年人需要长期护理的养老院和社区环境.
研究的目的:
- 评估旨在预防和减少需要长期护理的老年人使用身体限制的干预措施.
- 评估这些干预措施在住院护理和社区环境中的有效性和安全性.
主要方法:
- 系统性审查包括随机对照试验 (RCT) 和受控临床试验 (CCT).
- 搜索了多个数据库,包括ALOIS,MEDLINE,Embase,PsycINFO,CINAHL,Web of Science,LILACS和临床试验注册表.
- 评估了偏差风险,并使用GRADE方法来确定证据的确定性.
主要成果:
- 组织干预以实施最少限制政策可能会减少使用PR (中等确定性) 的居民数量.
- 这些组织干预措施显著减少了安全带的使用 (适度确定性).
- 简单的教育干预措施对PR使用产生了不确定的影响,对跌倒,受伤或激动几乎没有影响.
结论:
- 组织干预可能有效地减少长期住院护理中的身体约束,特别是腰带.
- 简单的教育干预措施减少公关使用的有效性仍然不确定.
- 没有包括来自社区环境的研究;研究结果适用于长期护理机构.
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