烟草吸烟模式和慢性阻塞性肺病风险:跨部分研究的结果
Julia Rey-Brandariz1, Mónica Pérez-Ríos2, Jasjit S Ahluwalia3
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Archivos de bronconeumologia
|July 27, 2023
概括
慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的风险随着吸烟的持续时间,强度和总吸烟量而升级. 戒烟显著降低了COPD风险,可能在15-25年后使其恢复到从未吸烟者的水平.
科学领域:
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 关于影响慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 风险的特定吸烟因素存在不确定性.
- 识别这些因素对于有针对性的预防和干预策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 量化各种吸烟参数与COPD风险之间的关联.
- 调查吸烟持续时间,强度,终身吸烟,开始年龄和戒烟持续时间对COPD发展的影响.
主要方法:
- 一项分析横截面研究,利用EPISCAN-II研究 (n=9092) 的数据.
- 参与者接受了采访和支气管扩展器后的螺旋测量.
- 慢性肺炎被定义为支气管扩张后FEV1/FVC<70%,使用后勤回归和通用添加模型进行分析.
主要成果:
- 慢性肺炎风险随着吸烟时间长 (≥50年),强度高 (≥39支香烟/天) 和终身烟草消费量大 (>29包年) 显著增加.
- 在22岁或之后开始吸烟的人没有增加COPD风险 (OR 0.9).
- 随着吸烟戒断年数的增加,COPD风险下降,在15-25年后观察到最低风险.
结论:
- 慢性肺炎风险与累计吸烟暴露 (持续时间,强度,终身吸烟) 密切相关.
- 开始吸烟的年龄似乎没有影响COPD风险.
- 戒烟是非常有效的,在15-25年的戒烟后,风险可能会恢复到从不吸烟者的水平.
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