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通过提供自愿的自动化检查工具来降低自动化故障的成本
Vanessa Bowden1, Dale Long1, Shayne Loft1
1School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
一个自愿的距离和轴承线 (RBL) 工具改善了空中交通管制员的自动化故障检测. 然而,自动化引起的自满仍然存在,与手动冲突检测相比,干预速度减缓.
科学领域:
- 人与计算机的互动.
- 自动化和控制系统自动化和控制系统
- 空中交通管理是空中交通管理.
背景情况:
- 高度的自动化增强了例行任务,但在故障时可能会损害手工性能.
- 自动化引发的自满可能导致安全工具的不足利用.
- 调查用于检测自动化故障的辅助工具对于安全运行至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估一个自愿的距离和轴承线 (RBL) 工具是否可以改善模拟空中交通控制中的手动返回性能.
- 评估RBL对检测高度冲突检测自动化的故障的影响.
- 探索自动化诱导的自满对检查工具的使用的影响.
主要方法:
- 参与者在手动情况下监督模拟的空中交通管制冲突检测,在RBL条件下自动,在没有RBL条件下自动.
- 提供了一个自愿使用的距离和轴承线 (RBL) 工具来评估飞机冲突状态.
- 在所有条件下一次引入自动化故障.
主要成果:
- RBL显著改善了自动化故障检测,导致更快的干预和更少的错误报警.
- 与高度自动化相关的性能成本持续存在,与手动控制相比,干预速度较慢.
- 自动条件之间没有观察到RBL参与时间的显著差异,这表明同时检测冲突事件.
结论:
- 像RBL这样的自愿检查工具可以通过帮助故障检测来促进自动化的人类监督.
- 自动化成本可能源于自动化和检查工具之间的信息冲突.
- 验证自动化的机制对于有效的人类监督至关重要.
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