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艺术中的慈善事业:地方性,捐赠者保留和声望
Louis Michael Shekhtman1, Albert-László Barabási2,3,4
1Network Science Institute, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
Scientific reports
|July 27, 2023
概括
基金会对艺术的资助分布广泛,但高度局部化,大多数赠款支持当地组织. 捐赠者保留力很强,资金往往与机构声望有关.
科学领域:
- 艺术与慈善活动
- 非营利性的管理管理.
- 在社会科学中的数据科学.
背景情况:
- 基金会是艺术组织的主要资金来源,但艺术资金的定量模式仍未得到充分探索.
- 对资金动态的有限理解阻碍了艺术组织的筹款效率和捐助者的最佳分配.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用大规模数据集,量化分析艺术领域的捐赠者-接受者关系.
- 揭示基金会向艺术组织捐赠的模式,包括分配,本地化和捐赠者的行为.
主要方法:
- 利用美国国税局2010年至2019年的电子档案数据,从46,643个基金会向48,766个艺术收件人提供总额为360亿美元的赠款.
- 分析了赠款数据以量化捐赠模式,包括分布,地理集中,受赠者的多样性,捐赠者保留和机构声望的影响.
主要成果:
- 基金会对艺术的慈善捐赠遵循权力法分配,表明一些基金会的捐赠集中.
- 证明了60%的赠款是在捐赠国本地化,捐赠者支持各种当地艺术形式.
- 观察到强大的捐助者保留 (近70%的延续) 和资金和机构声望之间的相关性,除了一些例外.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了迄今为止对艺术捐赠基金的最全面的数据驱动分析.
- 研究结果为艺术组织提供了可操作的见解,以改善筹款策略,并为基金会优化拨款分配.
- 这项研究强调了艺术慈善事业的本地化和关系驱动的性质.
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