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相关概念视频

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Hybrid zones are narrow regions where two closely related species interact, mate, and produce hybrids. Relative to either parent species, hybrids may possess distinct phenotypic or genetic differences that impact their survival and reproductive success. The genetic variances introduced by hybridization influence species diversity and speciation processes within the hybrid zone.
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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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Dissecting the Non-human Primate Brain in Stereotaxic Space
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东部大猩猩的幽灵混合物

Harvinder Pawar1, Aigerim Rymbekova2,3, Sebastian Cuadros-Espinoza1

  • 1Institute of Evolutionary Biology (UPF-CSIC), PRBB, Barcelona, Spain.

Nature ecology & evolution
|July 27, 2023
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概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

东部大猩猩携带来自古老血统的古老DNA,这表明大猿的过去混合事件. 这种遗传遗产可以追溯到数百万年前,可能会影响诸如苦味感知等特征.

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科学领域:

  • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
  • 基因组学就是基因组学.
  • 灵长类动物遗传学

背景情况:

  • 古老的混合物,包括尼安德特人和丹尼索瓦人侵入现代人类,是人类进化的已知因素.
  • 虽然在黑猩猩和黑猩猩中观察到过古老的混合物,但它在大猩猩中的存在仍然未被探索.

研究的目的:

  • 通过高覆盖全基因组测序,研究四种现存大猩猩亚种中的古老混合物.
  • 为了建模大猩猩的人口历史,并确定已灭绝的原始人血统的内进的签名.

主要方法:

  • 利用近似贝叶斯计算与神经网络来分析人口历史.
  • 测序了所有四种大猩猩亚种的整个基因组,包括新采样的东部大猩猩.
  • 在大猩猩,人类和红猩猩之间比较了侵入模式.

主要成果:

  • 检测到来自古老的"幽灵"血统的混合的签名,仅在东部大猩猩的共同祖先中,而不是西部大猩猩.
  • 据推断,高达3%的东部大猩猩基因组是来自300万年前分离的血统.
  • 鉴定出这种侵入发生在山地大猩猩和东部低地大猩猩分裂之前,可能会影响苦味感知.

结论:

  • 古老的混合物并不仅限于人类,而且发生在大猩猩身上,特别是东部大猩猩.
  • 在X染色体上,大猩猩,人类和类动物中,内进的碎片持续地耗尽.
  • 蛋白质编码内容在东部大猩猩中没有可检测的枯竭,可能是由于更强的遗传漂移.