压力的环境有利于欺骗性的替代性交配策略成为主导
Maria J Albo1,2,3, Camila Pavón-Peláez4,5,6, Mauro Martínez Villar4,5,6
1Sección Entomología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay. mjalbograna@gmail.com.
BMC biology
|July 27, 2023
概括
在压力较大的环境中,蜘蛛的欺骗性交配策略可以成为主导的. 这种情况发生在环境的严酷性限制了伴侣的选择时,使得毫无价值的礼物成为男性的成功策略.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 欺骗性交配策略通常很少见,原因是男性竞争力和健康状况较低.
- 然而,欺骗性的策略可以传播,如果它们没有对女性健康产生负面影响.
- 在蜘蛛*Paratrechalea ornata*中,雄性通常会提供无价的礼物,而不是营养的礼物.
研究的目的:
- 在不同的环境条件下调查Paratrechalea ornata*中欺骗性的无价礼物的流行情况.
- 检查男性和女性特征的可塑性以及与礼物类型相关的女性健康状况.
- 根据所提供的礼物类型,分析男性父亲的成功.
主要方法:
- 在中度和压力环境条件下进行现场观测.
- 评估女性健康 (生育能力) 和男性父亲的成功.
- 对形态和行为特征可塑性的分析.
主要成果:
- 在高度紧张的环境中,无价值的礼物占主导地位 (84-100%),而个人则较小.
- 在温和的环境中,毫无价值的礼物降低了女性的生育能力,而男性的体型影响了父亲身份.
- 在压力较大的环境中,体型较小可能会降低女性欺骗性礼物的成本.
结论:
- 这项研究提供了第一个经验证据,即可逆的欺骗策略可以成为主导策略.
- 恶劣的环境和有限的伴侣选择可以推动欺骗性交配策略的成功.
- 特征的可塑性和降低的代谢成本可能有助于在压力下欺骗的主导地位.
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