起的移民灵活地响应海风在迁徙瓶:使用第一派生来识别随时间的行为调整
Paolo Becciu1,2, David Troupin3, Leonid Dinevich4
1Animal Flight Laboratory, Department of Evolutionary and Environmental Biology and Institute of Evolution, University of Haifa, 199 Aba Khoushy Ave. Mount Carmel, 3498838, Haifa, Israel. paolo.becciu@unil.ch.
Movement ecology
|July 27, 2023
概括
迁徙鸟类调整飞行速度以适应不断变化的风,通过降低尾风的飞行速度和补偿横风来保持稳定的地面速度. 这揭示了长途旅行期间的灵活行为适应.
科学领域:
- 鸟类学 鸟类学是一门学科.
- 气象学 天气学
- 动物行为 动物行为
背景情况:
- 每年有数以百万计的鸟类在欧洲和非洲之间迁徙,面临着变化的天气.
- 人们对迁徙鸟类如何应对中大尺度的气象过程,如飞行期间的海风,知之甚少.
- 海风,随着其每日周期,可能会显著影响白天迁徙者.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究迁徙的飞翔鸟如何根据每日海风循环调整飞行速度和方向.
- 分析风对鸟类地面速度,飞行速度和横向飞行速度组成部分随着时间的推移的影响.
- 为了确定鸟类对风反应调整的时间.
主要方法:
- 在7个秋季 (2005-2016年) 中,采集了使用修改天气雷达的升移民的雷达轨迹.
- 分析了风对鸟类飞行参数 (地面速度,空速) 的影响,使用了通用添加混合模型.
- 估计的第一个导数来确定鸟类何时调整它们的风响应.
主要成果:
- 典型的迪尔风的动态:从东 (早晨) 到东南 (下午) 的旋转,中午有极端的横风.
- 从下午早些时候开始,观察到鸟类的飞速下降,随着尾风的增加和横风的减少.
- 鸟类保持稳定的地面速度 (16-17米/秒),充分补偿最大横风的横向漂移,并在横风减少/尾风增加时轻微漂移.
结论:
- 通过调整速度来证明飞翔中的鸟类对风条件的灵活行为反应.
- 鸟类补偿横向漂移和尾风降低空速,优化飞行.
- 更好地了解迁徙鸟类如何适应迁徙走廊中不断变化的风力条件.
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