熊蜂寄生虫的传播是强大的,尽管寄生虫暴露于极端温度
Hannah S Wolmuth-Gordon1, Mark J F Brown1
1School of Life Sciences and the Environment Royal Holloway University of London Egham UK.
Ecology and evolution
|July 28, 2023
概括
环境温度显著影响寄生虫的传染性. 熊蜂肠道寄生虫Crithidia bombi在不同温度下仍然具有传染性,但在50°C下60分钟后失去传染性,影响疾病传播动态.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 有机体面临着波动的环境条件,特别是温度,影响物种间的相互作用.
- 宿主-寄生虫相互作用对疾病动态至关重要,传播途径使寄生虫暴露在环境变量中.
- 熊蜂肠道寄生虫Crithidia bombi通过花朵传播,在感染宿主之前将其暴露在不同温度下.
研究的目的:
- 调查感染前的化时间和温度暴露如何影响Crithidia bombi.的传染性.
- 确定C. bombi与大黄蜂宿主传播相关的热耐受性极限.
主要方法:
- 在10°C至50°C的温度下,Crithidia bombi样本在10或60分钟内化.
- 然后使用寄生虫来接种Bombus terrestris (大熊蜂).
- 疫苗注射后一周评估了患病率和感染强度.
主要成果:
- 在50°C进行60分钟的化使C. bombi变得非传染性,大大降低了患病率.
- 在50°C以下,无论是化温度还是持续时间都没有影响C. bombi的流行.
- 极端温度诱导了C. bombi的形态变化,但感染强度不受化条件的影响.
结论:
- 在传染过程中遇到的广泛温度范围内,Crithidia bombi表现出强度.
- 60分钟50°C的温度,导致感染能力丧失,可能超过大黄蜂的飞行能力,限制传播.
- 了解对宿主和寄生虫的环境影响对于预测疾病传播模式至关重要.
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