核 accumbens 核心单细胞合奏双向地响应经历与观察到的厌恶事件
Oyku Dinckol1,2, Jennifer E Zachry1,2, Munir Gunes Kutlu1,2
1Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan-Virtua School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA.
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|July 28, 2023
概括
研究人员发现,当经历与观察痛苦时,核心神经元 (NAc) 核心神经元表现出不同的活动模式. 这种神经差异化是理解同情心和社会信息处理缺陷的关键.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 社会神经科学是一种社会神经科学.
- 哺乳动物的行为
背景情况:
- 同理心,分享他人的情感和感官状态的能力,对于哺乳动物来说至关重要.
- 动物模型通过社会调制对厌恶刺激的反应来表现同情心.
- 社会信息的神经网络与处理厌恶和奖励刺激的神经网络重叠.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究核结核 (NAc) 核心神经元在处理经验与观察到的厌恶刺激中的作用.
- 在同情反应期间识别NAc核心内的单细胞活动模式.
- 探索神经基础,区分直接经验与社会观察的厌恶.
主要方法:
- 在NAc核心神经元中通过微型探测器利用体内光学成像对过渡物进行成像.
- 采用纵向单细胞记录来跟踪跨行为状态的神经元活动.
- 记录神经元组合活动,以应对经验和观察到的厌恶刺激.
主要成果:
- 已识别的NAc核心单细胞组合对经历和/或观察到的厌恶刺激做出反应.
- 对于经验和观察到的厌恶刺激,观察到主要是积极的NAc核心组合活动.
- 发现了对经历和观察到的厌恶刺激的更大整体反应,其中一个子群体显示了双向反应.
结论:
- 该NAc核心区分直接体感体验的厌恶和在单细胞水平上对厌恶的社会观察.
- 这些发现表明,神经机制可以区分个人痛苦和目睹别人的痛苦.
- 对于理解自闭症谱系障碍等精神病理学中的不适应性社会信息处理的影响.
相关概念视频
01:14Conditioned Taste Aversion
181
Conditioned taste aversion, also known as sauce béarnaise syndrome, is a phenomenon in which an individual develops an aversion to a certain food taste following a negative experience, typically illness. This form of aversion is a type of classical conditioning in which the taste of the food (conditioned stimulus, CS) is associated with the experience of illness (unconditioned stimulus, UCS).
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single...
A notable characteristic of conditioned taste aversion is that it often requires only a single...
181
01:14Avoidance Learning and Learned Helplessness
1.8K
Avoidance learning and learned helplessness are critical concepts in understanding behavioral responses to negative stimuli.
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
Avoidance learning occurs when an organism learns that a specific behavior can prevent an unpleasant outcome. For example, a student who receives a bad grade may start studying harder to avoid future poor grades. This behavior persists even when the negative outcome is no longer present. Avoidance learning is powerful because it maintains behavior in the absence of the...
1.8K
01:21Brainstem: Control Centers of Medulla
1.7K
The medulla oblongata is a crucial part of the brainstem responsible for controlling various autonomic and involuntary functions. It contains several nuclei, including the olivary, cuneate, gracile, and solitary nuclei.
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
Olivary Nucleus
The olivary nucleus, or inferior olivary nucleus, is located within the ventrolateral part of the medulla oblongata. It is primarily involved in motor coordination and motor learning. The olivary nucleus receives input from the spinal cord, cerebellum, and motor...
1.7K
01:44Nociception
28.0K
Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
28.0K
01:27Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay
1.7K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
1.7K
01:16Role of Amygdala in Memory
288
The amygdala is a small, almond-shaped structure responsible for processing and storing memories, particularly those linked to emotions like fear and stress. It plays an essential role in the brain's response to emotionally significant events and often enhances memory formation by triggering stress hormone release. The amygdala is vital for encoding and retrieving memories associated with fear or stress, a process that is adaptive by helping organisms avoid dangerous situations.
One of the...
One of the...
288