印度儿童营养不良的三重负担:当前情景和前进的道路
Harivansh Chopra1,2, Bobby Paul3, Amrit Virk4
1Indian Association of Preventive & Social Medicine, National Body, India.
Indian journal of pediatrics
|July 28, 2023
概括
五岁以下儿童营养不良 (TBM) 的三重负担是印度的一个重大公共卫生问题,由不良饮食和疾病驱动. 解决TBM需要一个生命周期的方法和多部门的干预措施,以实现更健康的儿童发展.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
背景情况:
- 营养不良 (TBM) 的三重负担,包括营养不良,营养过剩和微量营养素缺乏,对全球,特别是印度的五岁以下儿童构成了关键挑战.
- 直接原因包括饮食摄入不足和流行疾病,而更广泛的决定因素涉及生活方式,卫生,粮食安全和医疗保健系统的缺陷.
研究的目的:
- 分析导致印度五岁以下儿童营养不良三重负担的因素.
- 从政策和计划的角度来看,将发现置于有效的干预策略的背景中.
主要方法:
- 进行了全面的文献搜索,审查了1976年至2022年间发表的研究.
- 分析重点是确定与儿童营养不良相关的因素,并评估政策影响.
主要成果:
- 印度面临着各种形式的幼儿营养不良的高患病率.
- 发现的关键因素包括不良的饮食摄入量,疾病,生活方式选择,卫生设施不足和营养计划的低于最佳实施.
- 经过记录,TBM对儿童的身体和精神发育产生了长期的不利影响,造成了巨大的社会成本.
结论:
- 目前的政府计划还没有完全根除TBM,需要从生命的第一个1000天到第一个3000天的医疗服务提供转变.
- 有效的战略需要涉及教育和卫生部门的多部门干预,解决社会决定因素,并确保持续的社区参与.
- 优先考虑减少TBM和实施生命周期方法对于更健康的儿童和社会至关重要.
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