相关实验视频
Updated: Jul 21, 2025

10:42
Preparing an Isotopically Pure 229Th Ion Beam for Studies of 229mTh
Published on: May 3, 2019
6.8K
^{133}在:一个罗塞塔石的衰变的r-过程核
Z Y Xu1, M Madurga1, R Grzywacz1,2
1Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
Physical review letters
|July 28, 2023
概括
我们测量了从-133 (133In) 基态和同体的β衰变,揭示了关键的过渡. 这为了解富中子原子核和快速中子捕获过程提供了关键数据.
科学领域:
- 核物理 核物理 核物理
- 原子和分子物理 原子和分子物理
- 天体物理学 天体物理学
背景情况:
- 富含中子的核对于理解核合成,特别是快速中子捕获 (r-) 过程至关重要.
- 准确的理论模型需要精确的β衰变实验数据,特别是对于远离稳定的核.
研究的目的:
- 实验性地描述基态的β衰变和-133 (133In) 的长寿命同位素.
- 为主要β衰变通道,包括Gamow-Teller和第一个禁止过渡,提供第一个全面的部分半衰期 (logft) 测量.
- 为了对核结构和衰变理论进行基准测试,在双重神奇的-132 (132Sn) 的东南方富含中子的地区进行基准测试.
主要方法:
- 使用ISOLDE衰变站 (IDS) 配备混合检测系统,用于同时进行β,和中子光谱.
- 在锡-133 (133Sn) 中测量了人口状态的能量和分支比.
- 将实验结果与大规模外模型 (LSSM) 计算进行比较.
主要成果:
- 成功测量了133In. 的主导β-衰变通道的比较部分半衰期 (logft).
- 在133Sn中观察到几个孤立的中子不结合状态的选择性群体,这对于如此重的中子丰富的核来说是独一无二的.
- 在实验数据和新开发的LSSM计算之间显示出良好的一致性.
结论:
- 确定了133In的β衰变,作为该区域中子丰富核的原型.
- 这些发现为完善β衰变的理论模型提供了关键的基准.
- 这项工作将指导未来的理论发展,准确描述r过程核合成.
相关概念视频
Nuclear Stability
19.0K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
To hold positively charged protons together...
19.0K
Nuclear Transmutation
17.6K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
17.6K
Types of Radioactivity
16.9K
The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
16.9K
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations
21.2K
Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
21.2K
Isotopes and Radioisotopes
8.6K
In the early 1900s, English chemist Frederick Soddy realized that an element could have atoms with different masses that were chemically indistinguishable. These different types are called isotopes — atoms of the same element that differ in mass. Isotopes differ in mass because they have different numbers of neutrons but are chemically identical because they have the same number of protons. Soddy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921 for this discovery.
An isotope containing...
An isotope containing...
8.6K
Other Nuclides: 31P, 19F, 15N NMR
413
Many organic, inorganic, and biological molecules contain spin-half nuclei such as nitrogen-15, fluorine-19, and phosphorus-31. As a result, NMR studies of these nuclei have found extensive applications in chemical and biological research.
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
While fluorine-19 and phosphorous-31 have high natural abundances (100%) and positive gyromagnetic ratios, nitrogen-15 has a low natural abundance and a negative gyromagnetic ratio. However, nitrogen-15 is still preferred over nitrogen-14 (which has a...
413

