进化前自然学家的同质论判断是由一般人类形状匹配能力解释的
Ulrich E Stegmann1, Filipp Schmidt2,3
1School of Divinity, History, Philosophy and History of Art, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
Scientific reports
|July 28, 2023
概括
这项研究表明,进化前的自然学家通过视觉上匹配的器官形状来直观地识别生物同质性. 这种认知能力,类似于发现视觉对应,解释了在进化理论之前早期的同类识别.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 形态学 形态学 形态学
背景情况:
- 在达尔文的进化论之前,在没有标准化的标准的情况下,已经确定了生物同质性.
- 例子包括哺乳动物前肢骨类发育和水花的器官序列同源性.
- 假定相似之处的直观感知是识别形态同质性的主要方法.
研究的目的:
- 测试这个假设,直观的相似感知是建立形态同质性的第一步.
- 为了调查前进化自然学家是否依赖视觉对应能力来识别同类.
- 探索中间形式在识别同质性的作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了认知心理学中的实验范式,使用同源器官的图像.
- 评估了先验参与者在器官图像上识别"对应"位置的能力.
- 将天真参与者的判断与历史和专家识别的同类地点进行了比较.
主要成果:
- 素朴的参与者成功地利用视觉对应能力来识别同类位置.
- 无知参与者识别的位置在统计学上与前进化自然学家和当代专家识别的位置相似.
- 暴露于中间器官图像影响了天真参与者的通信判断,与历史观察保持一致.
结论:
- 进化前的自然学家很可能依赖于先天的视觉对应能力来识别生物同源性.
- 这种认知机制为进化理论之前发现同类的发现提供了合理的解释.
- 介质形式在促进同质的识别方面发挥着重要作用.
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