动物的法律人格:科学已经证明了这一点吗?
1Duane Morris LLP, Washington, DC 20001, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|July 29, 2023
概括
动物权利团体正在利用法律学说的 habeas corpus 寻求对灵长类动物和大象等动物的法律人格. 尽管基于感知和认知复杂性的论点,但美国法院尚未授予非人类动物法律人格.
科学领域:
- 法律研究 法律研究
- 动物法 动物法
- 动物学 动物学
背景情况:
- 传统上适用于人类的 habeas corpus 法律学说正在被探索用于动物权利案件.
- 动物权利组织正在倡导非人类动物的法律人格,特别是灵长类动物和大象等高度感知物种.
研究的目的:
- 审查美国关于动物的 habeas corpus请愿书的法律挑战和法院判决.
- 分析科学对动物感知和认知能力的理解对法律框架的影响.
- 探索有助于讨论动物法人身份的社会因素.
主要方法:
- 审查关键的法律挑战和法院决定在美国关于动物 habeas corpus请愿书.
- 分析动物权利倡导者提出的论点,重点关注动物的感知能力和认知复杂性.
- 检查历史法律先例和影响法律权利扩张的社会转变.
主要成果:
- 尽管有动物权利组织的努力,但美国没有法院通过 habeas corpus 授予动物法律人格.
- 支持动物合法人格的论点经常引用对感知能力和认知能力的科学证据,并与人类法律权利的历史扩展进行了对比.
- 到目前为止,美国法律体系对动物的法律人格概念在很大程度上被认为是"过于遥远的桥梁".
结论:
- 对动物权利的 habeas corpus 申请在美国面临着重大的法律障碍.
- 了解动物认知和感觉的科学进步尚未转化为动物的法律人格.
- 社会规范和法律学说的演变在关于动物权利和法律地位的持续辩论中起着至关重要的作用.
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