早期检测癌前和癌细胞使用基于拉曼光谱的机器学习
Uraib Sharaha1,2, Daniel Hania3, Itshak Lapidot4,5
1Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel.
Cells
|July 29, 2023
概括
拉曼光谱与机器学习相结合,可以有效地区分正常细胞,癌前细胞和癌细胞. 这种创新方法为早期癌症检测和表征提供了一种有希望的非侵入性方法.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 医学诊断 医学诊断 医学诊断
- 频谱学是一种光谱学.
背景情况:
- 癌症对全球健康构成重大挑战,晚期检测阻碍了康复和增加医疗保健成本.
- 目前的癌症诊断方法往往是侵入性的,耗时的,并导致患者的痛苦.
- 早期检测癌前和癌细胞对于改善患者的治疗结果和减少癌症的社会负担至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估Raman光谱学与机器学习相结合的有效性,用于识别和表征癌前和癌细胞.
- 评估该技术作为早期癌症检测的新型诊断工具的潜力.
主要方法:
- 利用拉曼光谱法从正常小鼠纤维细胞 (NFC),癌前NIH/3T3细胞和癌症MBM-T细胞中获取光谱数据.
- 应用主要组件分析 (PCA) 和线性差别分析 (LDA) 用于光谱数据分析.
- 研究了457个细胞,测量了每个细胞的三个不同的位置的光谱,以确保全面分析.
主要成果:
- 在区分正常和异常 (癌前和癌症) 细胞方面取得了93.1%的成功率.
- 在区分正常细胞与癌前细胞 (93.7%) 和癌前细胞与癌细胞 (80.2%) 方面表现出高精度.
- 证实测量地点对细胞类型之间的分化精度没有显著影响.
结论:
- 拉曼光谱与机器学习相结合,为区分正常,癌前和癌细胞提供了一种高度有效的方法.
- 这种技术显示出非侵入性,早期癌症检测和表征的巨大潜力,解决了当前诊断方法的局限性.
- 这些发现支持开发先进的光谱工具,以改善癌症诊断和患者管理.
相关概念视频
01:26Raman Spectroscopy Instrumentation: Overview
450
A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
The monochromatic laser source, typically using visible or near-infrared radiation, generates a highly focused beam of light. This light interacts with the molecules of the sample, scattering some of the light. Liquid and gaseous samples are usually tested in ordinary glass capillaries, while solids can be analyzed as powders packed in capillaries or as potassium...
450
01:20Raman Spectroscopy: Overview
456
The underlying principle of Raman spectroscopy is based on the interaction between light and matter, specifically molecules' inelastic scattering of photons. When a monochromatic beam of light, typically from a laser source, interacts with a sample, most scattered light has the same frequency as the incident light. This is known as Rayleigh scattering.
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
However, a small fraction of the scattered light exhibits a frequency shift due to the exchange of energy between the incident photons and...
456