声编码听觉与唇读语的模式特定感知学习:先前信息的不同影响
Lynne E Bernstein1, Edward T Auer1, Silvio P Eberhardt1
1Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences Department, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Brain sciences
|July 29, 2023
概括
语音的感知学习在仅听觉 (AO) 和仅视觉 (VO) 培训之间有所不同. 先前的视觉词信息阻碍了听觉学习,而先前的辅音信息有助于视觉语言学习.
科学领域:
- 听觉和语言科学 听觉和语言科学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
背景情况:
- 语音的感知学习往往忽略了对于仅听觉 (AO) 和仅视觉 (VO) 刺激的模式特定培训需求.
- 之前的研究还没有充分探索不同类型的信息如何影响听觉和视觉语音感知学习.
研究的目的:
- 调查前期信息如何影响正常听力个体在语音编码的听觉和视觉语言训练期间的感知学习的模式特异性差异.
- 测试是否提供单词级或辅音级的先前信息会根据语音模式对学习产生不同的影响.
主要方法:
- 进行了两项实验:一项是用语音编码的AO语音,另一项是用VO (唇读) 语音.
- 参与者接受了四次20分钟的训练,以将新的口语与视觉图像联系起来.
- 实习生获得不同的预先信息:完整的单词,只有辅音,没有信息,或来自另一种模式的信息.
主要成果:
- 在听觉和视觉训练中,提供完整的文字信息阻碍了新词的记忆.
- 在听力训练中,词组显示了语音识别的改进.
- 在视觉训练中,辅音组表现出增强的语音识别和开放式句子的唇读.
结论:
- 在语音感知学习中,事先信息的有效性取决于模式.
- 辅音级信息似乎更有利于视觉语言学习,而单词级信息的影响则有所不同.
- 研究结果为理论解释感知学习及其与感官模式的关系提供了信息.
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