在认知和行走任务期间,健康和未发育的老年人之间的脑皮层激活和步行表现
Weichao Fan1,2, Chongwu Xiao1, Longlong He1
1Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510280, China.
Brain sciences
|July 29, 2023
概括
与健康个体相比,患有虚弱前期的老年人表现出脑部活化减少和步态受损. 这表明,在脆弱前,神经补偿机制用于管理感觉运动缺陷.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 生物医学工程 生物医学工程
背景情况:
- 虚弱前期代表了健康衰老和虚弱之间的过渡阶段,其特点是认知和步行性能下降.
- 预虚弱的潜在神经机制,特别是关于在认知和运动任务期间的大脑活动,需要进一步阐明.
研究的目的:
- 通过比较皮质血液动力学反应和健康老年人和患有前期脆弱性的人之间的步行参数来研究与前期脆弱性相关的神经机制.
- 探索前额叶皮层激活和在单一和双重任务条件下具有前脆弱性的人的步行表现之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 这是一项涉及21名健康老年人 (HG) 和15名患有先前脆弱性 (PG) 的个体的横截面研究.
- 功能近红外光谱学 (fNIRS) 用于测量在单一认知任务 (SC),单一步行任务 (SW) 和双任务 (DT) 条件下皮质血液动力反应.
- 评估了步行参数,包括定时上下测试,步行速度,步行长度和步行频率.
主要成果:
- 与HG相比,PG在SC期间表现出明显较低的左侧脊侧前额叶皮层 (L-DLPFC) 激活 (p <0.05).
- 在定时升级和移动测试中,PG表现明显差,并在SW过程中降低了步骤速度 (p < 0.05).
- 在DT期间,PG表现出更高的步骤长度变化系数 (p < 0.05). 在PG中,前额叶皮层氧化和步行参数之间观察到负相关性,这表明神经补偿效应.
结论:
- 与健康对照人群相比,患有虚弱前期的老年人表现出明显的前额叶皮层激活减少和步行受损的模式.
- 这些发现表明,患有前脆弱性的人参与神经补偿机制,特别是促进前额外激活,以减轻感觉运动系统的缺陷.
- 了解这些神经适应对于开发有针对性的干预措施来支持弱势人口的移动性和认知功能至关重要.
相关概念视频
Cognitive Development During Adulthood
158
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
158
Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
484
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
484


