对患有阿尔茨海默氏病的高遗传风险对象的眼睛结构和视觉功能变化的探索性纵向研究
Inés López-Cuenca1,2,3, Lidia Sánchez-Puebla1,2, Elena Salobrar-García1,2,3
1Ramon Castroviejo Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Biomedicines
|July 29, 2023
概括
患有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的认知健康个体在27个月内呈现出渐进的视网膜结构变化. 视觉功能保持稳定,表明早期的结构变化在AD风险的功能下降之前.
科学领域:
- 眼科和神经科学 眼科和神经科学
- 阿尔茨海默氏症疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 构成了重大的公共卫生挑战.
- 早期发现AD生物标志物对于及时干预至关重要.
- 视网膜变化可以作为神经退行症的指标.
研究的目的:
- 分析患有阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 风险的认知健康个体视觉变化的演变.
- 研究遗传风险因素 (家族史和ApoE ε4等位基因) 与视网膜变化之间的关系.
- 为了评估27个月的结构和功能视觉参数的进展.
主要方法:
- 具有一级AD (FH+) 家族史和携带ApoE ε4等位基因 (ApoE ε4+) 的参与者使用光学连贯断层扫描 (OCT) 进行了视网膜厚度分析.
- 视觉功能通过视觉敏度 (VA),对比度 (CS),色彩感知,数字测试和视野分析来评估.
- 在27个月的随访期间进行了结构和功能分析,比较风险组 (FH+ ApoE ε4+) 与对照组 (FH- ApoE ε4-).
主要成果:
- 在FH+ ApoE ε4+组,在27个月内,所有视网膜内层的厚度都发生了变化.
- 27个月后,FH+ ApoE ε4+组与FH- ApoE ε4组相比,观察到内核层的渐进变化.
- 在年轻的风险组 (40-60岁) 中,视觉功能 (VA和CS) 保持稳定,一些持续改善.
结论:
- 患有AD风险的认知健康个体表现出渐进的视网膜结构变化.
- 这些结构变化发生在27个月的时间内,这表明早期的神经退行过程.
- 视觉功能保持稳定,表明结构性改变可能会在阿尔茨海默病风险人群中出现可检测的功能衰退之前.
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