对不同表面的跑步冲击进行分析,以防止受伤
Amelia Ferro-Sánchez1, Adrián Martín-Castellanos1,2, Alfonso de la Rubia1
1Sport and Training Research Group, Department of Sports, Faculty of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain.
概括
与草地或合成轨道相比,在混凝土表面运行会导致更高的冲击加速. 了解这些表面冲击对于跑步者来说至关重要,通过调整他们的训练和技术来预防受伤.
科学领域:
- 跑步的生物力学
- 运动伤害预防 运动伤害预防
- 运动生理学 运动生理学
背景情况:
- 跑步冲击力受到各种因素的影响,包括鞋子和跑步技术.
- 跑道表面是一个关键的,可修改的因素,可以显著影响冲击力和受伤风险.
研究的目的:
- 量化和比较跑者在三个不同的表面上经历的冲击加速的数量和大小:草地,合成轨道和混凝土.
- 为休跑步者提供数据驱动的洞察力,用于伤害预防策略.
主要方法:
- 三十名业余跑步者参加了比赛,他们穿着自己的鞋子,背着三轴加速计.
- 参与者以一致的速度在草地上,合成轨道上和混凝土表面上跑.
- 分析的重点是平均加速度 (MA),平均峰值加速度 (PA) 和高加速度峰数 (4-5g).
主要成果:
- 与草地和合成轨道相比,混凝土表面产生的平均峰值加速度 (PA) 和平均加速度 (MA) 显著更高.
- 在混凝土上,高加速峰数 (4-5g) 也较多.
- 虽然混凝土显示出更高的冲击,但合成轨道的步数略高,这表明潜在的技术适应.
结论:
- 在混凝土表面上跑步会给身体带来更大的冲击加速,增加潜在的受伤风险.
- 跑步者可能会无意识地根据地表改变他们的技术,这是通过步数变化表明的.
- 培训应包括适应措施,以减轻与不同跑步地形,特别是混凝土相关的较高冲击力,以加强伤害预防.
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