从原始内皮中衍生出人类胚胎外半皮样细胞
Karin Farkas1,2, Elisabetta Ferretti1,3
1Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Stem Cell Biology (DanStem), University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
International journal of molecular sciences
|July 29, 2023
概括
研究人员开发了一种新方法,可以从原始内皮 (PrE) 样细胞中创建外胚胎间皮 (ExM) 样细胞. 这一突破有助于研究早期人类发展和ExM起源.
科学领域:
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
- 干细胞生物学 干细胞生物学
- 人类胚胎发生
背景情况:
- 胚外半皮 (ExM) 对于胚胎支持至关重要,但其人类起源尚未完全理解.
- 目前的体外模型使用类似表皮质细胞的细胞,不反映形态学所建议的原始内皮 (PrE) 起源.
研究的目的:
- 从PrE类细胞系 (原始外胚内皮,nEnd) 中生成ExM类细胞的协议.
- 描述这些ExM样细胞并验证它们与体内细胞群的相似性.
- 建立一个新的体外系统来研究人类周胃流动ExM的发展.
主要方法:
- 从nEnd细胞系产生ExM样细胞.
- 使用特定标记物 (LUM和ANXA1) 识别ExM类细胞.
- 在体外评估血管新生潜力.
- 单细胞RNA测序 (scRNAseq) 来比较体外和体内细胞群.
主要成果:
- 从 PrE 类 nEnd 细胞成功生成了类似 ExM 的细胞.
- 使用LUM和ANXA1标记物确认了ExM样细胞身份.
- 已证明生成的ExM样细胞的血管新生潜力.
- scRNAseq数据显示,ExM样细胞与来自胃化胚胎的内源性ExM种群聚集在一起.
结论:
- 这项研究证实了人类ExM从PRE衍生出来的结果.
- 已经建立了一个新且有效的体外系统,用于研究人类周胃流动期间的ExM发育.
- 该系统支持单层培养和更复杂模型的研究.
相关概念视频
01:56Gastrulation
57.6K
Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata...
57.6K
01:10Zygotic Development And Stem Cell Formation
5.3K
The development of all multicellular organisms starts with the fusion of haploid cells called sperm and egg to form a diploid zygote. A zygote is a totipotent cell that can develop into a complete organism. The zygote undergoes cell division or cleavage to form an 8-cell mass. Until this stage, the cells are spherical, loosely attached, and remain totipotent. Totipotent cells are capable of developing both the embryonic and the extraembryonic tissues. However, as they continue to divide, they...
5.3K
00:57Embryonic Stem Cells
3.6K
Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
3.6K
01:19Mesenchymal Stem Cells
4.8K
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells that can differentiate into most connective tissue cell types, except for hematopoietic cells, depending upon the source of MSCs. For example, bone-marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) can differentiate into osteocytes, hepatocytes, and pancreatic and neuronal cells. MSCs can be isolated from various sources such as bone marrow, placenta, adipose tissue, teeth, and Wharton’s jelly, a gelatinous substance in the umbilical cord. The ease of their...
4.8K
01:33Cleavage and Blastulation
45.3K
After a large-single-celled zygote is produced via fertilization, the process of cleavage occurs while zygotes travel through the uterine tube. Cleavage is a mitotic cell division that does not result in growth. With each round of successive cell division, daughter cells get increasingly smaller.
45.3K
01:51Determination
18.6K
During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
18.6K