西班牙和波兰孕妇的营养摄入量:比较分析
Lucía Iglesias-Vázquez1,2, Joanna Suliburska3, Rafał Kocyłowski4
1Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain.
Nutrients
|July 29, 2023
概括
西班牙和波兰的孕妇摄入不够的铁,维生素D和叶酸等关键营养素. 这两个国家面临着类似的缺陷风险,突出了针对性产前营养指导的必要性.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 孕产妇健康 孕产妇健康
背景情况:
- 产前营养对于母亲和孩子的健康至关重要.
- 欧洲各个人口的营养状况各不相同.
- 了解区域饮食模式是解决缺陷的关键.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较西班牙和波兰孕妇的营养摄入量和营养充足度与建议.
- 在两种种群体中确定特定的营养缺乏和过剩.
- 为最佳产前营养提供量身定制的饮食策略.
主要方法:
- 横截面研究比较了两个队列:ECLIPSES (西班牙) 和PREDISH (波兰).
- 通过食物频率调查问卷 (西班牙) 和为期3天的访谈 (波兰) 评估饮食摄入量.
- 分析能量和营养摄入量与第一和第三季度的推饮食补贴 (RDAs) 相比.
主要成果:
- 在这两个国家,铁,维生素D和维生素B9 (叶酸) 的摄入不足是普遍存在的.
- 在能量,碳水化合物,纤维,,铁和多种B族维生素和维生素E摄入量中观察到显著差异.
- 碳水化合物摄入不足 (81.6%的西班牙,21.5%的波兰) 和过多的总脂肪,特别是单不和脂肪酸 (MUFA) 的高患病率 (99.8%的西班牙,43.8%的波兰).
结论:
- 尽管饮食变化,西班牙和波兰的孕妇都有关键营养素缺乏 (铁,维生素D,叶酸) 的共同风险.
- 研究结果强调,需要针对特定地区的饮食指南,以改善产前营养.
- 需要加强公共卫生工作,以防止缺陷,并促进最佳的母亲和儿童健康结果.
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