中国北方和南方景观植物适合分布区域的差异
Chen Wang1,2, Qianqian Sheng1,2, Runan Zhao1,2
1College of Landscape Architecture, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China.
Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2023
概括
气候变化对中国的植物分布产生了重大影响. 北方木质植物面临更大的威胁,与南方物种相比,适合面积缩小,需要集中保护工作.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 气候变化生物学 气候变化生物学
- 植物学 植物学
背景情况:
- 气候变化是生物多样性丧失的主要驱动因素,改变了物种的地理分布.
- 中国拥有丰富的木质景观植物,但气候变化下的区域适应性变化仍未得到充分研究.
- 现有的研究缺乏对中国北部和南部之间植物适应性变化的比较分析.
研究的目的:
- 根据未来的气候情景,预测中国29种树木适合分布区域 (SDA) 的变化.
- 确定影响中国北部和南部植物SDA的主导环境变量.
- 评估和比较中国北部与中国南部木质植物对气候变化的适应反应.
主要方法:
- 利用MaxEnt模型预测合适分布区域 (SDA) 的变化.
- 分析了中国北部和南部的29种木质植物和20种环境变量.
- 根据两个共享社会经济路径 (SSP) 预计的变化:SSP126和SSP585.
主要成果:
- 温度因素是北方和南方植物SDA的主要驱动因素.
- 南方植物的SDA通常受单个气候因素的影响,而北方植物受到多个因素的影响.
- 与南方植物相比,北方植物的SDA收缩幅度显著更高,气候变化带来的压力更大.
- 在SDA扩张,平均海拔变化或北方和南方植物之间的度变化方面没有发现显著差异.
- 预计北方和南方的植物都将向更高的度迁移.
结论:
- 气候变化不成比例地影响中国境内的植物SDA,北方景观植物面临更大的压力.
- 北方木质植物需要加强监测和保护策略,因为它们的脆弱性更高.
- 未来的气候变化将迫使植物物种以度而不是高度转移.
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