人工智能和公共卫生:评估聊天GPT对疫苗接种神话和误解的反应
Giovanna Deiana1,2, Marco Dettori2,3,4, Antonella Arghittu3
1Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Vaccines
|July 29, 2023
概括
像ChatGPT这样的人工智能 (AI) 工具可以通过提供准确的疫苗接种信息来帮助医疗保健. 然而,非专家用户可能会收到误导性的答案,这引发了关于可访问性和付费版本准确性的伦理问题.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 人工智能 (AI) 工具,包括ChatGPT,越来越多地被讨论为医疗保健应用.
- 人工智能产生的健康信息的准确性和可靠性是关键问题.
研究的目的:
- 评估ChatGPT对疫苗接种神话和误解的回应的正确性,清晰性和完整性.
- 为了比较 ChatGPT.PT 的免费 (GPT-3.5) 和付费 (GPT-4.0) 版本的性能.
主要方法:
- 世界卫生组织的11个疫苗接种神话和误解被用作ChatGPT (GPT-3.5和GPT-4.0) 的提示.
- 两位独立的评价专家对答案进行了定性和定量评估.
- 使用统计分析 (p < 0.05) 评估了评价者间的一致性.
主要成果:
- 聊天GPT的答案通常是可以理解的,准确率为85.4%,具有显著的评价者间一致性.
- 在正确性 (5.6%),清晰性 (17.9%) 和详尽性 (9.3%) 方面,GPT-4.0表现优于GPT-3.5.
- 一个问题被AI工具误解了.
结论:
- 在适当使用和专家指导下,人工智能工具可以在医疗保健中具有价值.
- 非专家用户可能会在没有专业医疗建议的情况下收到误导性信息.
- 付费人工智能版本的提高准确性引发了关于公平获得可靠健康信息的伦理考虑.
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