重复性神经失忆症的神经心理学和神经解剖学
A A Diamantaras1, E Blondiaux2, R Schumacher3
1Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
概括
患有重复性失忆症 (reduplicative paramnesia) 的患者,对相同位置的错觉,表现出执行功能障碍和右半球病变. 这些脑损伤破坏了对整合空间记忆和上下文至关重要的网络,导致了这种独特的神经疾病.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 神经学 神经学
背景情况:
- 复制性神经失忆症是一种罕见的神经疾病,其特点是错觉的信念,即相同的地方存在于不同的位置.
- 了解与重复性神经失忆症相关的潜在神经生物学和认知缺陷对于诊断和治疗至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 研究 reduplicative paramnesia 患者的临床,现象学,神经心理学和神经解剖学特征.
- 为了将这些数据与患有严重空间失向但没有重复性偏失症的患者的对照组进行比较.
- 为了确定神经关联和网络中断的基础 reduplicative paramnesia.
主要方法:
- 一个病例控制研究,涉及11名被诊断患有重复性遗忘症的患者和11名患有严重空间失调的匹配对照.
- 综合性评估包括临床评估,现象学面试,神经心理测试和神经成像 (损伤映射).
- 用损伤网络绘图来识别与观察到的损伤相关的连接大脑区域.
主要成果:
- 患有重复性失忆症的患者经常报告当前位置被重复或重新安置.
- 执行功能缺陷在与对照人群相比,与重复性神经失忆症患者的患病率明显高.
- 右半球病变,特别是在背侧前额叶皮层,在重复性失忆症患者中很常见.
- 导致重复性失忆症的病变与双边前侧胰岛和右带膜皮层有关.
结论:
- 复制性神经失忆可能是由于无法将当前的空间背景与视觉空间记忆和情感信息相结合.
- 涉及前叶,环状皮质和前胰岛的神经网络的破坏,加上背侧前额皮质病变,有助于这种情况.
- 与前额叶皮层病变相关的执行功能障碍阻碍了在重复性失忆症中解决冲突的空间和上下文信息.
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