尼日利亚两家医院的白喉病:什么是新的和控制的影响
O A Oyedeji1, F A Olagunju2, J B Ayinde1
1Paediatric Unit, Wesley Guild Hospital, Ilesa, Osun State, Nigeria.
West African journal of medicine
|July 30, 2023
概括
经过十年的时间,尼日利亚医院又出现了白喉病,未接种疫苗的儿童呈现出不寻常的黄色膜. 当白喉抗毒素无法获得时,血输血被证明是有效的,这突出了潜在的公共卫生风险.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 脊髓灰质炎 (由Corynebacterium diphtheriae引起) 是一种严重的细菌感染,可以导致呼吸道阻塞,心力衰竭和死亡.
- 常规的儿童免疫接种在全球范围内显著减少了白喉病发病率.
- 最近的报道显示,尼日利亚喉病例再次出现,促使对导致因素和治疗方式进行调查.
研究的目的:
- 报告尼日利亚儿童三例口腔白血病病例.
- 要突出临床表现,治疗结果,以及潜在的替代疗法对白病.
- 为了强调由于错过疫苗接种而导致疾病复发的风险.
主要方法:
- 尼日利亚医院三名儿科白血病患者的回顾性病例审查.
- 临床数据收集包括疫苗接种史,症状和治疗方案.
- 使用可用和不可用的二菌抗毒素 (DAT) 治疗结果的比较.
主要成果:
- 这三个孩子都错过了常规的儿童疫苗接种.
- 临床表现包括减少养,牛和浅黄色的伪膜,与典型的灰色形成鲜明对比.
- 第一个病例是致命的,尽管抗生素治疗由于DAT不可用;另外两个病例恢复了抗生素和血输血.
结论:
- 当DAT无法使用时,血输血可以成为一种可行的替代方案.
- 脊髓灰质炎的复苏凸显了常规儿童疫苗接种的重要性.
- 与遗漏的五价疫苗剂量相关的进一步疹疫情存在潜在风险.
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