代表性不足的人群中神经肌肉疾病遗传学:增加数据多样性
Lindsay A Wilson1, William L Macken1, Luke D Perry2,3
1Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London WC1N 3BG, UK.
Brain : a journal of neurology
|July 30, 2023
概括
全球伙伴关系改善了不同人群中神经肌肉疾病 (NMD) 的遗传诊断,解决了数据不平等问题. 这项倡议促进了对NMD遗传结构的理解,并为全球受影响家庭提供了基于DNA的诊断.
科学领域:
- 基因组学和生物信息学
- 神经学和遗传医学 遗传医学
- 全球卫生平等全球卫生平等
背景情况:
- 神经肌肉疾病 (NMDs) 影响全球数百万人,诊断和治疗严重依赖基于DNA的方法.
- 在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs) 获得先进的基因诊断和治疗是有限的.
- 现有的遗传数据库主要是欧洲的,这造成了显著的数据不平等,并阻碍了多种不同人群的诊断.
研究的目的:
- 建立跨大陆,基于云的合作伙伴关系,以建立多样化,深度表型和基因特征的NMD队伍.
- 提高对跨多元祖先的NMD遗传架构的理解.
- 全球推进NMD患者的遗传诊断和临床管理,特别是在代表性不足的地区.
主要方法:
- 形成一个协作网络,连接巴西,印度,南非,土耳其,赞比亚,荷兰和英国的18个中心.
- 开发和实施基于云的数据解决方案,用于队列管理和分析.
- 在临床基因组数据解释国际神经学研究员的培训,随后通过定制的生物信息管道对单基因和整个外基因组数据进行协作分析.
主要成果:
- 在43个月内招募了6001名参与者,从代表性不足的人口中创建了一个庞大的数据集.
- 总体而言,对探针的诊断收益率约为56% ("解决"或"可能解决"),对于常见的NMD类别的比率更高 (~59%解决,~13%可能解决).
- 确定了近29%的新型致病变体,显著扩大了对不同人群中致病变体的知识.
结论:
- 一个远程的,跨大陆的合作伙伴关系有效地评估了NMDs在不同人群中的遗传结构.
- 该倡议成功支持基于DNA的诊断,使遗传咨询,改善护理途径和基因特定试验的资格成为可能.
- 这种虚拟协作模式可以在其他全球基因组神经学实践中复制,以减少数据不平等,使全球患者受益.
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