从无氧消化到单细胞蛋白质合成:超越生物气利用的有希望的途径
Rui Li1, XiaoLei Fan2, YuFeng Jiang2
1Shandong Industrial Engineering Laboratory of Biogas Production and Utilization, Key Laboratory of Biofuels, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, NO. 189 Songling Road, Qingdao 266101, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China; Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao 266101, PR China; Qingdao New Energy Shandong Laboratory, Qingdao 266101, PR China.
Water research
|July 30, 2023
概括
使用无氧消化产品将有机废物转化为单细胞蛋白 (SCP),为废物管理和蛋白质供应提供了一个可持续的解决方案. 这种生物经济循环为生物气发电提供了有利可图的替代方案.
科学领域:
- 生物技术是生物技术.
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可持续发展 可持续发展 可持续发展
背景情况:
- 人口快速增长加剧了有机废物积累和蛋白质稀缺.
- 无氧消化是处理有机废物的关键过程,产生生物气和消化剂.
- 无氧消化产品的高价值利用对于可持续的资源管理至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究使用无氧消化产物的单细胞蛋白 (SCP) 的生产.
- 分析这种废物价值化方法的经济和环境可行性.
- 审查从废物流中生产SCP的挑战和最近的进展.
主要方法:
- 关于无氧消化和SCP生产的科学文献的综述.
- 分析微生物利用生物气和消化剂用于生物质生产.
- 对SCP生产与生物气电的技术经济评估.
主要成果:
- 微生物如微藻,酵母,甲氧化细菌 (MOB) 和氧化细菌 (HOB) 可以利用生物气和消化剂来生产SCP.
- 与生物气发电和从专用基板生产的SCP相比,从生物气和消化物生产的SCP显示出更高的利能力和更低的生产成本.
- 该过程建立了一个生物经济循环,以最小的碳排放处理废物并产生有价值的生物质.
结论:
- 无氧消化产品的SCP生产为全球废物和蛋白质挑战提供了一个有希望的,可持续的解决方案.
- 这种方法通过创造循环生物经济,与可持续发展目标保持一致.
- 进一步的研发可以优化流程,增强经济和环境效益.
相关概念视频
01:18Amino Acid Catabolism
52
Microorganisms rely on proteins as an essential carbon and energy source, particularly in environments with limited polysaccharides or lipids. However, proteins are too large to cross the plasma membrane unaided, necessitating enzymatic degradation. Microbes secrete extracellular proteases and peptidases that hydrolyze proteins into peptides, which can then be transported across the membrane. Once inside the cell, intracellular proteases degrade these peptides into free amino acids, which...
52
01:30Environmental Applications of Microorganisms
61
Microorganisms play a pivotal role in maintaining ecosystem balance by recycling essential elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, as well as supporting processes like bioremediation, wastewater treatment, and biofuel production.Microbes in Elemental CyclesIn the carbon cycle, microorganisms decompose organic matter, releasing carbon dioxide via aerobic respiration. This carbon dioxide is subsequently used by photosynthetic organisms to synthesize organic compounds, closing the...
61
01:22Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
49
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
49
01:25Lipid Catabolism
59
Triglycerides serve as crucial long-term energy storage molecules in microorganisms, providing a dense source of metabolic energy. Their breakdown is mediated by lipases, which hydrolyze triglycerides into glycerol and free fatty acids. Each of these components follows distinct metabolic pathways, ultimately contributing to ATP synthesis and cellular energy homeostasis.Glycerol MetabolismGlycerol, released from triglyceride hydrolysis, is phosphorylated by glycerol kinase to form...
59
01:24Biosynthesis in Bacteria
41
Biosynthesis in bacteria is a fundamental anabolic process that generates essential macromolecules, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and polysaccharides. These macromolecules are critical for cellular growth, replication, and function. The process is tightly regulated and energetically linked to catabolic pathways to ensure optimal resource utilization.Biosynthetic pathways begin with precursor metabolites such as pyruvate, acetyl-CoA, and glucose-6-phosphate derived from glycolysis,...
41
01:29Overview of Archaea
44
Archaea, named after the Archaean eon, represent a unique domain of life, distinct from bacteria and eukaryotes, with remarkable traits. Their cellular and molecular features, ecological adaptability, and industrial relevance highlight their importance in understanding life processes and leveraging biotechnology.Cellular and Molecular CharacteristicsA defining feature of archaea is their unique membrane composition. Archaeal membranes contain ether-linked isoprenoid lipids, which confer...
44