低收入和中等收入国家的健康公平和呼吸道疾病
Peter Jackson1, Stella Zawedde Muyanja2, Trishul Siddharthan3
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1200 East Broad Street, Box 980050, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
Clinics in chest medicine
|July 30, 2023
概括
呼吸系统疾病不成比例地影响低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs),造成80%以上的死亡和疾病. 这些差异预计将随着人口增长而恶化,特别是在儿科病例中.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 全球超过80%的急性和慢性呼吸道疾病的发病率和死亡率集中在低收入和中等收入国家 (LMICs).
- 与高收入国家 (HIC) 相比,在医疗保健获取和质量的显著差异加剧了LMICs呼吸系统疾病的负担.
- 预计在LMICs的人口增长可能会增加呼吸系统疾病的流行率在未来十年.
研究的目的:
- 突出呼吸道疾病对LMICs造成的不成比例影响.
- 为了强调LMIC和HIC之间对呼吸道疾病的护理方面的差异.
- 强调LMIC中儿科呼吸道疾病的负担越来越大.
主要方法:
- 本研究是对有关呼吸道疾病患病率和结果的现有数据和文献的综述.
- 分析重点是关于发病率和死亡率的LMIC和HIC之间的比较数据.
- 考虑了关键指标,如质量调整后生命年 (QALYs) 的损失.
主要成果:
- 低至中产国家承担了与急性和慢性呼吸道疾病相关的80%以上的发病率和死亡率.
- 儿童下呼吸道感染和喘主要影响LMIC儿童.
- 由于这些情况,在LMIC中观察到更大的质量调整后生命年损失.
结论:
- 迫切需要采取干预措施,以解决LMIC中呼吸系统疾病的不公平负担.
- 缩小LMICs的护理差距对于减轻未来呼吸系统疾病影响的增加至关重要.
- 专注于LMICs的儿科呼吸系统健康对于全球健康公平至关重要.
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