在患有阅读障碍的儿童中,短期记忆缺陷的异质性
Sarah Wokuri1, Corentin Gonthier2, Nathalie Marec-Breton1
1Department of Psychology, University of Rennes, Laboratoire de Psychologie Cognition, Comportement et Communication (LP3C), Rennes, France.
Dyslexia (Chichester, England)
|July 31, 2023
概括
阅读障碍会影响儿童的短期记忆 (STM). 个别分析显示出不同的STM配置文件,一个与语音问题相关,另一个与串行回忆缺陷相关,需要定制干预.
科学领域:
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 发育神经科学的发展神经科学.
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 短期记忆 (STM) 缺陷经常在阅读障碍患者中观察到.
- 以前的研究主要集中在群体层面的分析上,掩盖了STM损伤中的个体差异.
研究的目的:
- 研究阅读障碍儿童的群体层面和个体短期记忆特征.
- 确定STM缺陷的特定模式及其与其他认知因素的关联.
主要方法:
- 阅读障碍和年龄相匹配的非阅读障碍儿童之间的STM表现的比较.
- 个人层面的分析,以确定不同的STM赤字概况.
- 评估口头项目和序列订单召回,以及视觉STM.
主要成果:
- 组分析证实了 dyslexic 儿童在项目和序列顺序 STM 的缺陷.
- 个别分析揭示了两种不同的特征:语音障碍与口头项目STM缺陷,以及口头和视觉领域的选择性串行STM缺陷.
- 这些发现凸显了阅读障碍患者中STM障碍的显著异质性.
结论:
- 执业者应该认识到阅读障碍症中短期记忆障碍的多样性.
- 对STM和阅读困难的治疗策略应根据特定的缺陷配置文件进行个性化.
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