不同经济群体国家的宫癌控制查指南和计划:叙述性审查
Jyoti Sharma1,2, Madhavi Yennapu1, Yamini Priyanka3
1Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (CSIR-NIScPR), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, IND.
Cureus
|July 31, 2023
概括
宫癌查在全球范围内有所不同,高收入国家因有组织的计划和人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 测试而脱而出. 低收入国家面临着巨大的障碍,尽管具有成本效益的视觉检查方法.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 宫癌查指南和实践受到资源的可用性和科学进步的影响.
- 在高收入,中等收入和低收入国家的查计划中存在显著的差异.
- 有组织的全国性计划和保险覆盖与更高的查率相关联.
研究的目的:
- 审查和比较六个选定的国家代表不同经济群体的宫癌查指南和计划.
- 确定有效的选方式和实施障碍,特别是在资源有限的环境中.
主要方法:
- 美国,英国,印度,南非,孟加拉国和马拉维的宫癌查指南和计划的比较分析.
- 审查当前的查测试,包括人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) DNA测试,巴氏涂抹和用乙酸 (VIA) 进行视觉检查.
- 审查影响查覆盖率的因素和低收入国家的实施挑战.
主要成果:
- 人类乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) DNA测试是首选的方法,由于高灵敏度和较长的间隔,证明具有成本效益和适合各种设置.
- 自取样本的HPV测试显示了增加查覆盖率的潜力.
- 资源有限的国家往往依赖于低成本的VIA基查.
- 在低收入和中等收入国家,由于查覆盖率较低,子宫癌的负担更高.
- 卫生系统,患者和提供者特定的挑战阻碍了低收入国家的计划实施.
结论:
- 全球宫癌查策略表现出相当大的差异,受经济地位和医疗保健系统组织的影响.
- 检测HPV是一种高度有效和可适应的查方式.
- 解决系统性,患者和提供者层面的障碍对于改善低收入环境中的宫癌预防至关重要.
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