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全转录组分析揭示了在牛神性病原体的胎盘中的毒性特异性病原体与宿主相互作用

Pilar Horcajo¹, Montserrat Coronado², Iván Pastor-Fernández¹

¹SALUVET, Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Frontiers in immunology

|July 31, 2023

概括

牛胞性胎流产与由高毒性寄生虫引起的强烈的胎盘炎症有关. 低毒性菌株不会引发这种反应,这表明免疫过度反应导致牛胎死亡.

科学领域:

兽医免疫学兽医免疫学
生殖病理学生殖病理学
寄生虫学的寄生虫学

背景情况:

牛胞症是牛中流产的主要原因,但导致胎儿丧失的确切机制仍然不完全理解.
在Neospora caninum分离物中存在明显的毒性水平,影响疾病结果,但胎盘对不同毒性的反应尚未完全表征.

研究的目的:

调查与高和低毒性Neospora caninum分离物感染的牛胎儿死亡相关的胎盘分子机制.
为了比较早期阶段 (感染后10天和20天) 的转录基因反应,在与不同寄生虫菌株有挑战的孕母牛的卡伦克尔和皮中进行比较.

主要方法:

从感染高毒性 (Nc-Spain7) 或低毒性 (Nc-Spain1H) Neospora caninum分离物感染的母牛的胎盘组织 (caruncles和cotyledons) 的全转录组分析在感染后10和20天.
基因表达模式的分析,包括炎症信号通路 (IL-6/JAK/STAT3,TNF-alpha通过NF-κB) 和免疫细胞透 (自然杀手细胞,M1巨细胞,CD8+T细胞).

主要成果:

高毒性隔离物Nc-Spain7诱导了显著的焦点亡,炎症透,并在感染后10天内在瘤中产生强烈的炎症反应,感染后20天升级,特别是在胎儿损失的母牛中.
低毒性分离物Nc-Spain1H并没有引起卡龙克或皮质体的显著炎症反应,抑制了炎症途径,并增加了抑制炎症的基因的表达.
脱发分析显示,感染高毒性分离物的胎盘中活性化自然杀手细胞,M1巨细胞和CD8+T细胞的比例较高.

结论:

胎盘中的强烈的,寄生虫驱动的免疫反应是牛中新菌诱导堕胎的关键因素.
独特的胎盘转录形状突出了基于Neospora caninum隔离病毒性的宿主-病原体相互作用的差异.
需要对寄生虫作用因子进行进一步的研究,以了解牛新菌病原体的分子基础,并制定有针对性的干预措施.

关键词:

尼奥斯波拉犬 (Neospora caninum) 是一种动物.牛的胎盘是牛的胎盘.免疫反应的免疫反应.转录组 (transcriptome) 是一个转录组.毒性毒性是一种毒性.

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