在公共巴士中评估SARS-CoV-2空气传播感染传播风险
M Bertone1, A Mikszewski2,3, L Stabile1
1Department of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Cassino, FR, Italy.
Geoscience frontiers
|July 31, 2023
概括
由于拥挤和通风不良,公共交通构成了高COVID-19风险. 这项研究量化了公共汽车上空中传染风险,发现口罩对于城市公共汽车上说话的人来说是必不可少的,以及长途旅行的过/FFP2口罩.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 公共交通环境被认为是SARS-CoV-2传播的潜在热点.
- 拥挤,通风不足和长时间暴露会增加呼吸道感染的风险.
- 之前的缓解措施往往忽视了运输环境中的空中传播途径.
研究的目的:
- 在公共交通环境中量化SARS-CoV-2的空气传染风险.
- 评估公共汽车中的个人感染风险和SARS-CoV-2传染能力 (复制编号).
- 评估通风,拥挤和旅行时间对感染风险的影响.
主要方法:
- 利用了近距离和房间规模风险评估方法的新组合.
- 城市和长途公共汽车的评估感染风险和繁殖号码.
- 基于不同通风速率,拥挤指数和旅行时间的计算风险.
主要成果:
- 靠近的距离显著影响城市公交车占用率限制,以保持复制数<1.1.
- 对于城市公交车来说,只有感染者呼吸时才允许完全占用;说话需要戴口罩.
- 长途巴士需要缓解解决方案,如空气过和FFP2口罩,以确保完全占用,或高免疫率 (>80%).
结论:
- 公共交通中的空中传播风险是可量化的,并且取决于特定的环境因素.
- 有针对性的缓解策略,包括掩护和增强的通风/过,对于安全的公共交通运输运行至关重要.
- 了解和解决空气传播的传染是管理呼吸道感染在拥挤的运输环境至关重要的.
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