可可果肉的热稳定 - - 对感觉特性,颜色和微生物稳定性的影响
Thomas Bickel Haase1,2, Susanne Naumann-Gola1, Eva Ortner1
1Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging IVV, 85354, Freising, Germany.
Current research in food science
|July 31, 2023
概括
消毒和超高温 (UHT) 处理成功地保存了可可纸质,在最小的感觉变化下延长了保质期. 这两种方法都使酶失活,但UHT处理更大程度上改变了颜色和香味的特征,而不是巴氏杀菌.
科学领域:
- 食品科学与技术 食品科学与技术
- 收获后生物学 收获后生物学
- 感官科学 感官科学
背景情况:
- 可可豆是一种有价值的副产品,保质期很短.
- 保存是必要的,以延长可用性,同时保持质量.
- 热加工是一种常见的食品保存方法.
研究的目的:
- 评估巴氏杀菌和超高温处理 (UHT) 对于可可纸质的保存.
- 评估这些治疗对质量参数和感官特性的影响.
- 为了确定通过热处理实现的保质期延长.
主要方法:
- 在可可纸质上应用巴氏杀菌和UHT处理.
- 质量参数的分析:干物质,水活性,可溶性固体,颜色和过氧化酶活性.
- 对于挥发性化合物,使用描述性分析和气色谱-质谱/光谱法 (GC-MS/O) 的感觉分析.
- 在储存期间进行微生物学和非酶性色评估.
主要成果:
- 消毒和UHT都成功地使过氧化酶失活,并在4°C和23°C下延长了24周的保质期.
- 消毒纸保留了与新鲜纸相似的颜色,而UHT纸变得更棕色.
- 感官分析揭示了不同的香味特征:新鲜肉有"未成熟的香般的"音符,UHT有"热带水果般的"音符,而巴氏化肉与新鲜相似.
- 与新鲜纸相比,在经过处理的纸中观察到芳香活性挥发性化合物的多样性减少.
结论:
- 消毒和UHT处理是稳定可可果肉的有效技术.
- 这些方法显著延长了可接受的保质期,尽管有所改变,但有感官特性.
- 热处理的选择会影响保存的可可纤维的最终颜色和香味特征.
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