自闭症与青少年和年轻成年人的现实世界执行功能之间的联系的调解者
Yi-Ling Chien1, Yueh-Ming Tai2, Yen-Nan Chiu1
1National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan.
概括
童年注意力不集中和社会困难预测自闭症成年人的执行功能较低. 针对这些因素的早期干预可以改善成年期过渡期间的结果.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿童和青少年精神病学 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
背景情况:
- 执行功能 (EF) 对日常生活至关重要,但自闭症青少年和年轻成年人的现实世界EF预测因素尚不清楚.
- 了解这些预测因素对于支持自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 患者过渡到成年至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在青春晚期和年轻成年期在自闭症患者中识别现实世界的行为和认知执行功能的童年预测因素.
- 区分行为与执行职能认知方面的预测因素.
主要方法:
- 在289名自闭症青少年和203名对照人群从童年到青春晚期/年轻成年期进行的长度研究.
- 评估童年预测因素,包括自闭症症状,注意力不集中/过度活动,同龄人关系,情绪症状和育儿风格.
- 测量了现实世界的执行功能,使用后续的执行功能的行为评级清单 (BRIEF).
主要成果:
- 儿童不注意,隐蔽行为,社交沟通困难和儿童报告的情绪/不注意症状预测了自闭症青少年较低的现实世界EF.
- 反对行为特别预测了较差的行为调节.
- 同龄人问题特别预测了认知功能的缺陷.
结论:
- 儿童时期的诸如注意力不集中和社会困难等因素是自闭症个体过渡到成年期执行功能挑战的重要预测因素.
- 针对这些早期预测因素,特别是注意力不集中,可能为改善自闭症的现实世界执行功能提供了一条途径.
- 应采取针对行为调节和认知功能预测因子的干预措施.
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