脊椎裂,正常,病理和中间:来自法医骨科收集的第一个证据
Maria Torres Manso1, Vitor M J Matos2,3
1Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal. mariato.manso@gmail.com.
International journal of legal medicine
|July 31, 2023
概括
法医人类学研究在骨遗骸中澄清了脊椎裂 (SB) 和裂纹神经 (CNA). 这项研究提出了一个通用系统,将病理性SB与解剖学CNA区分开来,改善个性化特征识别.
科学领域:
- 法医人类学 法医人类学
- 生物考古学的生物考古学
- 古病理学 古病理学
背景情况:
- 脊椎裂 (SB) 是法医人类学的重要个性化特征,但缺乏标准化的诊断标准和经验数据.
- 现有关于SB患病率的研究,特别是隐形脊柱裂,由于方法和术语不一致,显示了广泛的差异 (1.2%-50%).
- 分类系统和分析方法的差异阻碍了人类学研究中SB数据的可比性.
研究的目的:
- 分析和辩论人类骨遗骸中脊柱裂的标准诊断标准.
- 提出一个普遍的系统,区分脊椎裂 (病理) 和裂纹神经 (解剖变体).
- 在法医和骨科背景下评估这些疾病的患病率和个性化潜力.
主要方法:
- 在21世纪识别骨收藏 (CEI/XXI) 中对209个个体 (44 - 99岁) 的神经骨和脊椎进行宏观分析.
- 专注于识别十字道的后部开口和相关的骨变化.
- 根据观察到的形态学和骨分析,区分脊柱裂变 (神经管缺陷) 和裂纹神经 (骨变异).
主要成果:
- 在156人中,有4人 (2.6%) 呈现出完全后部开放的圣经通道.
- 在11个骨中发现了神经裂 (CNA) (156个骨中的7.05%),被认为是观察到病例的最可靠解释.
- 这项研究表明,与之前报告的情况相比,在一般人群中,脊柱裂隐形的患病率可能比以前报告的更低.
结论:
- 拟议的方法提供了一个可行的系统,用于识别脊柱裂和裂纹神经在法医和骨科研究.
- 对于准确的分析,区分病态脊柱裂和解剖裂神经门至关重要.
- 在法医人类学中,脊椎裂和完整的交叉裂都可以作为可靠的个性化特征.
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