在最年长的老年人 (85岁以上) 中,身体炼类型,流体智力,执行功能和处理速度之间的关联
Brian Duy Ho1, Joseph M Gullett2, Stephen Anton3
1Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research, Evelyn F. and William L. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA. bho@ufl.edu.
GeroScience
|July 31, 2023
概括
身体炼,特别是心脏和力量训练的结合,在85岁及以上的成年人中显著提高了认知功能. 这种综合方法在最年长的人群中显示了处理速度和执行功能的好处.
科学领域:
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 运动科学 运动科学
背景情况:
- 关于体育炼对最年长 (≥85岁) 人的认知益处的研究有限.
- 了解运动对这一人口群体认知的影响对于健康的衰老至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查85岁及以上个体自我报告的体育炼和认知表现之间的关系.
- 为了确定不同类型的运动 (静坐,心脏,心脏 + 力量) 是否会产生不同的认知结果.
主要方法:
- 184名认知健康的参与者 (85-99岁) 填写了社区健康活动老年人模式计划 (CHAMPS) 问卷.
- 用一个包括NIH-TB,编码,符号搜索,字母流利性和Stroop任务的电池来评估认知功能.
- 根据CHAMPS的反应,参与者被分为静坐,心脏或心脏 + 力量训练组.
主要成果:
- 心脏 + 力量训练组表现出最高的整体认知表现.
- 这个小组在编码和符号搜索任务中显著超过了静止小组.
- 与仅进行心脏运动的组相比,心脏运动+力量组在符号搜索,字母流利性和Stroop Color-Word性能方面显著改善.
结论:
- 自我报告的体育炼与老年人更好的认知功能有关.
- 结合有氧和力量训练可能对认知指标产生协同效应,特别是处理速度和执行功能.
- 这些发现凸显了定制炼方案对于在晚年保持认知健康的重要性.
更多相关视频
10:13Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
Published on: February 14, 2014
13.8K
07:01Working Memory Training for Older Participants: A Control Group Training Regimen and Initial Intellectual Functioning Assessment
Published on: September 20, 2020
4.8K
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
158
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
158
01:30Information Processing Approach
77
The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is...
77
01:25Cattell's Theory of Intelligence
6.9K
Raymond Cattell, along with John Horn, made significant contributions to our understanding of intelligence by distinguishing between two types: fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
Fluid intelligence involves the capacity to solve new problems and adapt to unfamiliar situations. It's the type of intelligence individuals use when they encounter a novel problem or puzzle that requires innovative thinking. For instance, figuring out how to operate a new gadget relies heavily on...
Fluid intelligence involves the capacity to solve new problems and adapt to unfamiliar situations. It's the type of intelligence individuals use when they encounter a novel problem or puzzle that requires innovative thinking. For instance, figuring out how to operate a new gadget relies heavily on...
6.9K
01:26Aging
86
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
86
01:29Environmental Influences on Intelligence
343
Despite the strong genetic influence on traits like intelligence, environmental factors significantly shape outcomes. For example, while over 90% of height variation is due to genetic differences, environmental factors such as nutrition also have a notable impact. Similarly, for intelligence, changes in a child's surroundings can significantly alter their IQ. Research shows that enriched environments boost children's academic success and help them develop key cognitive skills. Children...
343
01:30Biological Influences on Intelligence
145
Intelligence is often thought to be linked to brain size, but the relationship is more complex than that. While brain size does correlate modestly with some abilities, like verbal skills, the connection is weaker for others, such as spatial reasoning. Other factors, like brain structure, also play crucial roles. For instance, despite Einstein's smaller-than-average brain, his parietal cortex, which is involved in spatial reasoning, was 15% wider, suggesting that neural density might matter...
145