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相关概念视频

Optimal Arousal Theory01:23

Optimal Arousal Theory

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The optimal arousal theory suggests that performance is maximized when an individual experiences a moderate level of arousal. This theory is closely tied to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which illustrates an inverted U-shaped relationship between arousal and performance. The law, formulated by psychologists Robert Yerkes and John Dodson, implies an ideal arousal level for optimal performance, and deviations from this level can lead to declines in effectiveness.
Inverted U-Shaped Performance Curve
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Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion01:20

Cognitive Theories: Schachter-Singer Theory of Emotion

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Stanley Schachter and Jerome Singer proposed the two-factor theory of emotion, which emphasizes the interplay between physiological arousal and cognitive labeling in forming emotional experiences. This theory suggests that emotions are not simply a result of physiological responses but rather a combination of these responses and the individual's cognitive interpretation of them.
Physiological Arousal and Cognitive Labeling
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Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory01:20

Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory

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Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
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Cognitive Theories: Lazarus Mediational Theory of Emotion01:17

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Richard Lazarus' cognitive mediational theory highlights the pivotal role of cognitive appraisal in shaping emotional responses. According to this theory, the evaluation of a stimulus — based on personal values, goals, beliefs, and expectations — mediates the emotional response. This appraisal process is immediate and often occurs unconsciously, influencing the intensity and nature of the resulting emotion.
Cognitive Appraisal and Emotional Response
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Reducing State Anxiety Using Working Memory Maintenance
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测试梦认知兴奋处理模型的测试

Westley A Youngren1, Nancy A Hamilton2, Kristopher J Preacher3

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Missouri Kansas-City.

Psychological trauma : theory, research, practice and policy
|July 31, 2023
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

睡眠前的觉醒-认知和睡眠开始的延迟预测创伤后的梦. 梦之夜的生理兴奋程度更高,支持针对这些因素的治疗方法.

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科学领域:

  • 心理学 心理学 心理学
  • 睡眠科学 睡眠科学
  • 创伤研究 创伤研究

背景情况:

  • 创伤后的梦在创伤事件发生后很常见.
  • 以前的研究发现了潜在的预测因素,如睡眠前唤醒和睡眠开始延迟,但有局限性.
  • 在多样化的创伤群体中需要复制和通用性.

研究的目的:

  • 复制有关创伤后梦预测因素的研究结果.
  • 调查睡眠前唤醒 (认知和生理) 和睡眠开始延迟.
  • 为了检查这些预测因素在男性住院退伍军人与混合创伤历史.

主要方法:

  • 15名男性住院退伍军人参加了这次活动.
  • 通过初步评估和7天前后睡眠日记收集的数据.
  • 使用便携式客观测量睡眠质量和睡眠前唤醒.

主要成果:

  • 睡眠前唤醒-认知和睡眠开始延迟显著预测了梦的发生.
  • 睡眠前的生理唤醒在梦的夜晚显著更高.

结论:

  • 这些发现复制了睡眠前唤醒和睡眠开始延迟在触发创伤后梦中的作用.
  • 结果表明创伤后梦的潜在治疗点.
  • 专注于睡眠前认知,睡眠开始延迟和唤醒的疗法可能是有益的.