意大利法医和非法医精神分裂症谱系障碍患者的风险厌恶
Nicola Canessa1,2, Laura Iozzino3, Sonia Andreose4
1IUSS Cognitive Neuroscience (ICON) Center, Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS, Pavia, Italy.
PloS one
|July 31, 2023
概括
与健康对照组相比,患有精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 的个人表现出更大的风险厌恶. 这一发现可以通过准奖励处理来为SSD患者的功能改善提供新的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
背景情况:
- 以目标为导向的决策对于奖励和动机至关重要,整合反以最大限度地提高收益并最大限度地减少损失.
- 改变决策,忽视负面后果,可能会导致反社会行为.
研究的目的:
- 与对照组相比,调查精神分裂症谱系障碍 (SSD) 患者的损失和风险厌恶的差异,包括有或没有暴力史的患者.
- 检查决策变量如何与组成员关系 (法医SSD,非法医SSD,健康对照).
主要方法:
- 在三个组中比较决策变量 (风险厌恶,损失厌恶,选择一致性):法医SSD患者,非法医SSD患者和健康对照.
- 利用匹配的样本设计来控制相关的患者特征.
主要成果:
- 风险厌恶是区分这些群体的唯一显著预测因素.
- 非法医的SSD患者表现出比健康对照群更大的风险厌恶.
- 两组之间在损失厌恶或选择一致性方面没有发现显著差异.
结论:
- 研究结果表明,风险厌恶是区分SSD患者组和对照组的关键认知特征.
- 这突出了SSD功能康复的潜在治疗目标,重点关注奖励处理机制.
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