室内污染和目前和前吸烟者的肺功能下降:SPIROMICS AIR
Nadia N Hansel1,2, Han Woo1, Kirsten Koehler2
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine and.
概括
室内颗粒物 (PM) 加快了COPD前吸烟者的肺功能下降. 减少家庭中的PM暴露可能是减缓该群体疾病进展的可修改因素.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 肺部病理学 肺部病理学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 室内污染物与COPD发病率有关,但它们在疾病进展中的作用尚未完全理解.
- 颗粒物 (PM) 和二氧化 (NO2) 是常见的室内空气污染物.
- 了解污染物的影响对于管理慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查室内PM和NO2暴露与肺功能下降之间的关联.
- 为了确定这种关联是否在吸烟史的现有和前吸烟者之间有所不同.
- 为了确定COPD进展的潜在可修改的风险因素.
主要方法:
- 利用了SPIROMICS AIR研究中的1208名参与者的数据,包括完整的暴露和螺旋计数据.
- 使用预测模型估计的个人室内PM和NO2水平.
- 采用了通用线性混合模型来评估FEV1的下降与污染物暴露和吸烟状况相关.
主要成果:
- 前吸烟者平均每年FEV1减少35.2毫升,而目前吸烟者平均每年减少60.3毫升.
- 每增加10μg/m3的室内PM与前吸烟者的FEV1额外下降10毫升/年有关 (p=0.044).
- 室内PM和FEV1下降在目前的吸烟者之间没有发现显著的关联. 对于NO2.2,也观察到类似的趋势.
结论:
- 居住在室内PM高的家庭中,患有COPD的前吸烟者表现出加速的肺功能丧失.
- 在家庭中暴露于PM可能会解释吸烟者肺功能下降的部分变化.
- 减少室内PM暴露是减轻COPD进展的潜在可修改策略.
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