美国城市消防员的职责相关创伤和PTSD症状
1Mental Health, South Texas Veterans Healthcare System, San Antonio, TX 78223-1633, USA.
Occupational medicine (Oxford, England)
|July 31, 2023
概括
消防员面临各种创伤性事件,与同事有关的事件是最压力. 累积的创伤暴露对创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 风险的影响因事件类型而异.
科学领域:
- 职业健康 职业健康 职业健康
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 紧急服务研究 紧急服务研究
背景情况:
- 对各种创伤性与职责有关的事件如何影响消防员创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 风险的理解有限.
- 消防员会遇到一系列专业特有的压力因素.
- 评估创伤暴露和PTSD之间的细微关系对于这个人群至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了分类消防员经历的与职责有关的创伤事件的类型.
- 调查职业生涯长度或整体创伤负担是否影响创伤暴露和PTSD症状之间的联系.
- 探索事件类型和累积暴露对PTSD风险的缓解作用.
主要方法:
- 对755名男性职业消防员进行调查,使用25个事件 (事件负载和压力评估) 的职责相关事件压力度量表.
- 将压力因素分为间接,直接和与同事相关的事件类型.
- 使用创伤后应激障碍检查清单对创伤后应激障碍症状的评估.
主要成果:
- 与同事有关的事件被认为是最有压力的,其次是间接和直接事件.
- 来自间接,直接和同事相关事件的更高事件负载和压力与PTSD症状有积极的相关性.
- 事件负载作为间接事件压力的风险因素,对有关PTSD症状的直接事件压力的缓冲.
结论:
- 职责相关的创伤事件的类型显著影响消防员的PTSD症状.
- 累积的创伤暴露起到了不同的作用,根据事件类型,它既起到了风险作用,也起到了缓冲作用.
- 干预措施应考虑创伤事件的特殊性质和整体暴露负载,以便在消防员中有效管理PTSD.
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